Innovative approaches to the preservation of forest trees

Pritchard, Hugh W.; Moat, Justin; Ferraz, João Baptista Silva; Marks, T. R.; Camargo, José Luís; Jayanthi, N.; Ferraz, Isolde Dorothea Kossmann

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.012

Cited by 84 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Such research will also be supported by studies to advance developments in seed and in vitro storage technology as advocated by Pritchard et al (2014), investigations which need to proceed beyond the species level to study intraspecific variation in storage characteristics (Daws and Pritchard, 2008). Graudal et al (2014) are positive about the potential to develop appropriate indicators to monitor tree genetic variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the seventh and final review of this special issue, Pritchard et al (2014) discuss ex situ conservation measures for trees, their integration with in situ approaches, and the particular roles of botanic gardens in conservation. Botanic gardens have participated widely in the collection and storage of tree seed, pollen and herbarium specimens, and in the establishment of living collections in vitro and in arboreta (BGCI, 2014;MSB, 2014).…”

Section: Ex Situ Conservation and Integration With In Situ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Pritchard et al (2014) relate, the diagnosis of tree seed storage behaviour is an important undertaking (Sacandé et al, 2004), as it helps to develop predictive biological models to indicate the risks associated with handling seeds with particular features (Daws et al, 2006;Hong and Ellis, 1998). The limited data that are available on tree seed half-lives indicate great variation across species, but it is sometimes measured in hundreds of years (RBG, 2014).…”

Section: Ex Situ Conservation and Integration With In Situ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seeing the trees as well as the forest: The importance of managing forest genetic resources

Loo

Souvannavong

Dawson

2014

Forest Ecology and Management

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a b s t r a c tReliable data on the status and trends of forest genetic resources are essential for their sustainable management. The reviews presented in this special edition of Forest Ecology and Management on forest genetic resources complement the first ever synthesis of the State of the World's Forest Genetic Resources (SOW-FGR) that has just been published by the Food and Agriculture Organization. In this editorial, we present some of the key findings of the SOW-FGR and introduce the seven reviews presented in this special edition on: (1) tree genetic resources and livelihoods; (2) the benefits and dangers of international germplasm transfers; (3) genetic indicators for monitoring threats to populations and the effectiveness of ameliorative actions; (4) the genetic impacts of timber management practices; (5) genetic considerations in forest ecosystem restoration projects using native trees; (6) genetic-level responses to climate change; and (7) ex situ conservation approaches and their integration with in situ methods. Recommendations for action arising from the SOW-FGR, which are captured in the first Global Plan of Action for the Conservation, Sustainable Use and Development of Forest Genetic Resources, and the above articles are discussed. These include: increasing the awareness of the importance of and threats to forest genetic resources and the mainstreaming of genetic considerations into forest management and restoration; establishing common garden provenance trials to support restoration and climate change initiatives that extend to currently little-researched tree species; streamlining processes for germplasm exchange internationally for research and development; and the intelligent use of modern molecular marker methods as genetic indicators in management and for improvement purposes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ex Situ Conservation and Integration With In Situ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ex Situ Conservation and Integration With In Situ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seeing the trees as well as the forest: The importance of managing forest genetic resources

Loo

Souvannavong

Dawson

2014

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Atualmente as sementes são classificadas em três categorias quanto ao seu comportamento fisiológico no armazenamento: sementes ortodoxas, que toleram dessecação a baixos conteúdos de água (2%-5%) e podem ser armazenadas em baixas temperaturas (-20ºC), condições que maximizam o tempo de armazenamento. As sementes intermediárias, que não toleram a dessecação a baixos conteúdos de água (10%-12 %), mas que podem ser armazenadas a baixas temperaturas (geralmente acima de 0ºC); e sementes recalcitrantes, comuns entre as espécies florestais da região tropical, as quais não toleram dessecação a baixos conteúdos de água (<12%), nem o armazenamento a baixas temperaturas (SACANDÉ et al, 2004;NERY et al, 2014;PRITCHARD et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O conhecimento sobre a sensibilidade à dessecação das sementes de espécies florestais é importante porque para determinar a melhor forma de armazenamento das mesmas (SCALON et al, 2012;SILVA et al, 2012;NERY et al, 2014;JOSHI et al, 2015), e são escassas para grande maioria das espécies de árvores no mundo (PRITCHARD et al, 2014. Nesse contexto, e visando contribuir com estudos de armazenamento de sementes, DAWS et al (2006) estudaram o comportamento de 104 espécies com relação à sensibilidade à dissecação e concluíram que existe uma tendência para que espécies com maior sensibilidade a dessecação apresentem maior razão entre o envoltório da semente e a massa da semente, "Seed Coat Ratio"-SCR, metodologia rápida e pratica descrita por PRITCHARD et al (2004) para pré-classificar as sementes para fins de armazenamento.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

BIOMETRIA E ASPECTOS FISIOLÓGICOS DE FRUTOS E SEMENTES DE Dulacia candida (POEPP.) KUNTZE (OLACACEAE)

2015

Enciclopédia Biosfera

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RESUMODulacia candida (Poepp.) Kuntze (Olacaceae) é uma espécie arborescente com ampla distribuição na América do Sul. No Brasil ocorre nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste e apesar de sua extensa distribuição, é uma espécie pouco estudada, condição comum para numerosas espécies florestais nativas do país. Este estudo avaliou as características biométricas dos frutos e sementes, e a sensibilidade das sementes à dessecação utilizando o método SCR. Os frutos usados eram oriundos de florestas de várzea das margens do Riozinho do Andirá, em Sena Madureira, Acre (09°39'50,6"S; 68°02'54,5"W ). Na avaliação biométrica foram utilizados 200 frutos medidos e pesados com o auxílio de paquímetro e balança eletrônica. Dos frutos foram avaliados a massa total, comprimento, diâmetro e profundidade da polpa, e das sementes a massa, comprimento e diâmetro. Foi avaliada também a massa do endosperma e do tegumento. Para todas as variáveis avaliadas foram calculados, com o auxílio do programa estatístico BioEstat 5.0, os valores máximo e mínimo, média (m), desvio padrão (DP), coeficiente de variação (CV) e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r). A previsão da sensibilidade à dessecação (P) utilizou a metodologia SCR. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a massa da polpa e das sementes está diretamente relacionada com a massa dos frutos, ou seja, frutos mais pesados apresentam maior massa de polpa e de sementes. As sementes possuem tolerância à dessecação, indicando que as mesmas são do tipo ortodoxa. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amazônia, dessecação, ortodoxas. ABSTRACTDulacia candida (Poepp.) Kuntze (Olacaceae) is a tree species with wide distribution in South America. It is found in the North, Northeast and Midwest regions of Brazil, and despite its wide distribution, is poorly studied, a common condition for numerous forest species native to the country. This study evaluated the biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds, and the sensitivity of seeds to desiccation using the SCR method. The fruits used were collected in várzea forests of the banks of the Riozinho Andirá in Sena Madureira, Acre (09°39'50,6 "S, 68°02'54,5"W). For the biometric evaluations 200 fruits were measured and weighted with the aid of a caliper and an electronic scale. The fruits were evaluated for their total mass, length, diameter and pulp depth, and the seeds for their mass, length and diameter. It was also evaluated the endosperm mass and the seed coat. The calculations of the maximum and minimum values, average (m), standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) were done with the aid of the statistical program BioEstat 5.0. The prediction of sensitivity to desiccation (P) used the SCR methodology. The results indicate that the mass of the pulp and the seeds is directly related to the average fruit weight, i.e., heavier fruits have higher pulp and seeds mass. The seeds are desiccation tolerant, indicating that they are of the orthodox type.

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