Innovative approach for achieving of sustainable urban water supply system by using of solar photovoltaic energy

Abstract

This paper describes and analyses new and innovative concepts for possible integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy in urban water supply system (UWSS). The proposed system consists of PV generator and invertor, pump station and water reservoir. The system is sized in such a manner that every part of it is sized separately and then, integrated into a whole. This integration is desirable for several reasons; the most important is the success of the objectives of sustainable living in urban areas i.e., achieving of sustainable urban water supply system. The biggest technological challenge associated with the use of solar, wind and other intermittent renewable energy sources RES is the realization of economically and environmentally friendly electric energy storage (EES). The paper elaborates the use of water reservoires in UWSS as EES. The proposed solution is still more expensive than the traditional and, is economically acceptable today in the cases of isolated urban water system and special situations. Wider application will depend on the future trends of energy prices, construction costs of PV generators and needs for CO 2 reduction by urban water infrastructure.Keywords: Urban water supply system, sustainability, solar photovoltaic energy, CO 2 reduction. RESUMENEste artículo describe y analiza conceptos nuevos e innovadores para la posible integración de la energía solar fotovoltaica (PV) en los sistemas de abastecimiento urbano de agua. El sistema propuesto consiste en un generador fotovoltaico y un inversor, una estación de bombeo y un depósito de agua. El sistema se dimensiona de tal forma que cada una de sus partes se clasifica por separado y luego se integran en un todo. Dicha integración es deseable por varias razones: la más importante es el éxito de los objetivos de la vida sostenible en las zonas urbanas, esto es, el desarrollo de un sistema sostenible de abastecimiento urbano de agua. El mayor desafío tecnológico asociado con el uso de energía solar, eólica y otras fuentes de energía renovable intermitentes, es que el almacenamiento de energía eléctrica sea económico y amable con el medio ambiente. En este documento se revisa el uso de reservorios de agua en los sistemas de abastecimiento, como una forma de almacenamiento de energía eléctrica. La solución propuesta es aun más costosa que la tradicional y, hoy en día, es económicamente aceptable en los casos de sistemas aisla-dos de agua urbana y situaciones especiales. Una aplicación más amplia dependerá de las futuras tendencias de los precios de la energía, los costos de construcción de los generadores fotovoltaicos y las necesidades de reducción de CO 2 por la infraestructura de agua urbana. IntroductionThe world today is faced with a growing number of inhabitants who concentrate in all major cities, mostly in the coastal marine zone (Roberts, 2011 andUNEP/PAP, 2007). In an increasingly urbanized world, there is a need to plan and manage our cities in order to sustain them. It is necessary to strive for urban areas that contribute ...

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