Innovative Applications of Microbial Agents for Biological Weed Control

Boyetchko, S. M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4745-7_4

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…Microbially derived compounds may be pursued either as templates for new synthetic chemical herbicides or as pathogens applied directly to the target weed (Boyetchko, 1999). Fusarium nygamai , an effective control agent of Striga hermonthica , produces several secondary metabolites, which might be part of its antagonistic effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B₁, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga

Kroschel¹,

Elzein²

2004

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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Fusarium nygamai has been isolated and identified from diseased Striga hermonthica plants collected from sorghum fields in the Sudan. Fumonisin B 1 , produced by this fungus, was isolated and purified. In in vitro experiments, the bioherbicidal potential of this mycotoxin was evaluated against S. hermonthica and S. asiatica. Different concentrations (250, 500 and 1000 mg L (1 of water) of fumonisin B 1 , applied during the conditioning phase of the Striga seeds significantly reduced the germination of both species in a range of 19.8 Á/32.2 and 34.5 Á/47.6%, respectively. In addition, the length of the germ tubes was reduced and the germ tubes became brownish. Fumonisin B 1 slightly delayed the emergence of Striga when 250 mg fumonisin B 1 dissolved in 1 L of water were applied into the soil per pot before sowing sorghum. By the way of contrast, fumonisin B 1 was very phytotoxic when Striga seedlings (leaves and stems) of different heights and ages were sprayed with a concentration series of 250, 500 and 1000 mg fumonisin B 1 mL (1 until run-off, or when plants were injured with a scalpel before fumonisin B 1 was applied into the injury at concentrations of 250 and 500 mg mL (1 . One day after application, the plants showed symptoms of wilting, first at the top and then moving downwards. Leaves turned black and stems desiccated at the point of injuries. Within 4 days after the application, 55% of the plants tested were completely destroyed. In total, at the end of the experiment, 40 days after the treatment, 85% of the treated plants were killed by fumonisin B 1, regardless of the concentration applied and the application technique used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B₁, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga

Kroschel¹,

Elzein²

2004

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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“…At the same time, eVort must be made through formulation and strain selection to reduce the conidial concentration and application volume needed to economic levels (Greaves et al, 1998). This seems a daunting task but successful practical use of a number of microbial herbicides shows it is not impossible (Boyetchko, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Spray Application of Microbial Herbicides Using Alternaria alternata on Amaranthus retroflexus

Lawrie¹,

Greaves²,

Down³

et al. 2002

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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Inclusion of Alternaria alternata conidia in a spray formulation aVected the distribution pattern on the target. The dry weight of Amaranthus retro¯exus plants was reduced by more than 83% when A. alternata conidia (10 7 ml 2 1 ) were applied at 200 L ha 2 1 or greater and when given a 24 h dew period. At low applicatio n volumes (25 or 50 L ha 2 1 ) plant dry weight was reduced by only 29 or 54%. After 7± 8 h dew period, conidial germination on the leaf surface was 11± 19%. This increased to 62 ± 91% after 24 h dew period. Counts of conidia on leaves indicated that up to 86% of the conidia sprayed were not retained on the target plant, or did not reach it. This is reXected in lesion numbers per unit area being only 3± 5% of the calculated theoretical numbers. The results cast doubt on the suitability of A. alternata as a microbial herbicide for the control of Am. retro¯exus.

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“…The association of DRB with weeds was fi rst discovered in downy brome ( Bromus tectorum ). More than 2,000 isolates of Rhizobacteria obtained from the prairie soils in Canada are being investigated for their potential as a bioherbicide (Boyetchko 1999 ). Like fungi, DRBs are also applied innundatively in the soil prior to the emergence of weed.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Applications of Microbes

Saxena

2015

Applied Microbiology

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Innovative Applications of Microbial Agents for Biological Weed Control

Cited by 27 publications

References 111 publications

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B₁, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B₁, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga

Investigation of Spray Application of Microbial Herbicides Using Alternaria alternata on Amaranthus retroflexus

Agricultural Applications of Microbes

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Innovative Applications of Microbial Agents for Biological Weed Control

Cited by 27 publications

References 111 publications

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B1, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B1, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga

Investigation of Spray Application of Microbial Herbicides Using Alternaria alternata on Amaranthus retroflexus

Agricultural Applications of Microbes

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Product

Resources

About

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B₁, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga

Bioherbicidal effect of fumonisin B₁, a phytotoxic metabolite naturally produced byFusarium nygamai, on parasitic weeds of the genusStriga