Innovations in electrophoretic deposition: Alternating current and pulsed direct current methods

Chávez-Valdez, A.; Boccaccını, Aldo R.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.01.015

Cited by 110 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…34 Other electrochemical decomposition reactions 38−40 may also occur at the electrodes. Typically reduced voltage, 27,41,42 pulsed dc fields, 37,42−44 and asymmetric ac fields 44,45 have previously been found to inhibit electrolysis. We find that voltages at or below 1.2 V appear to reduce the negative effects of water electrolysis since this yields the maximum nanoparticle surface coverage.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plasmon resonance of 20 nm Au nanoparticles, as determined from full wave simulations, occurs near the wavelength of a helium−neon laser (633 nm) and thus can be excited with a standard laser. Optimization of the EPD process using an ac field, 44,45 for example, could be used to increase Au coverage in future work while still keeping the coverage below the hexagonally close packed limit where electric field enhancements decrease. 21 Moreover, EPD demonstrated more uniformity of the interparticle spacing within nanoparticle clusters, with average spacing of 1−2 nm for EPD in comparison to 2−7 nm for diffusion deposition.…”

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Directing Cluster Formation of Au Nanoparticles from Colloidal Solution

et al. 2013

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Discrete clusters of closely spaced Au nanoparticles can be utilized in devices from photovoltaics to molecular sensors because of the formation of strong local electromagnetic field enhancements when illuminated near their plasmon resonance. In this study, scalable, chemical self-organization methods are shown to produce Au nanoparticle clusters with uniform nanometer interparticle spacing. The performance of two different methods, namely electrophoresis and diffusion, for driving the attachment of Au nanoparticles using a chemical cross-linker on chemically patterned domains of polystyreneblock-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) thin films are evaluated. Significantly, electrophoresis is found to produce similar surface coverage as diffusion in 1/6th of the processing time with an ∼2-fold increase in the number of Au nanoparticles forming clusters. Furthermore, average interparticle spacing within Au nanoparticle clusters was found to decrease from 2−7 nm for diffusion deposition to approximately 1−2 nm for electrophoresis deposition, and the latter method exhibited better uniformity with most clusters appearing to have about 1 nm spacing between nanoparticles. The advantage of such fabrication capability is supported by calculations of local electric field enhancements using electromagnetic full-wave simulations from which we can estimate surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancements. In particular, full-wave results show that the maximum SERS enhancement, as estimated here as the fourth power of the local electric field, increases by a factor of 100 when the gap goes from 2 to 1 nm, reaching values as large as 10 10 , strengthening the usage of electrophoresis versus diffusion for the development of molecular sensors.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directing Cluster Formation of Au Nanoparticles from Colloidal Solution

et al. 2013

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“…The given scheme reflects the sequential interdependence of electrochemical (9,11) and redox (10) reactions as well as the initial stage of phase transition (12). The justification for such a mechanism has not been thoroughly proven.…”

Section: −mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, in the area of transient electrolysis, much research has been done [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], many factors which affect these processes have been discovered. All this gives one reason to consider it worthwhile to use an asymmetrical current in electrochemical productions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of transient electrolysis in the technology of oxide composite nanostructured materials: review

Bespalova¹,

Храменкова²

2016

Nanosystems: Phys. Chem. Math.

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The available experimental material relating to the patterns of formation and properties of functional nanostructured transition metal oxide (Mo, Co, Mn, Ni, Fe, V) composite materials is reviewed. Advanced coatings are considered those whose formation method are simple and do not require high energy costs, expensive equipment and permit the creation of materials with desired physical and chemical properties in a specified manner. In this review, the priority of oxide composite nanostructured materials technology is given to a transient electrolysis method based on the analysis of a data set that demonstrates its advantages. The results are presented for a number of studies aimed at identifying and analyzing the nature and regularities of processes that take place when obtaining oxide composite nanostructured materials using transient electrolysis methods.

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“…The main issue with DC-EPD is hydrolysis of water occur with potential difference higher than 10 V [21][22][23][24]. The formation of the air bubbles increased as the deposition time and the voltage applied increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%