Innate lymphoid cells, mediators of tissue homeostasis, adaptation and disease tolerance

Branzk, Nora; Gronke, Konrad; Diefenbach, Andreas

doi:10.1111/imr.12718

Cited by 31 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) carry several cytokine receptors and can thus react to cytokines released by other innate immune cells. Intestinal mononuclear phagocytes produce IL‐23, IL‐1α and IL‐1β in a microbiota‐dependent manner, which induce IL‐22 and IL‐17 production by ILC3s . These cytokines are mainly released by CX3CR1 + macrophages and CD103 + CD11b + dendritic cells (DCs) resident in the intestinal lamina propria .…”

Section: Microbiota and Ilc Interactions During Steady‐state In Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intestinal mononuclear phagocytes produce IL-23, IL-1a and IL-1b in a microbiota-dependent manner, which induce IL-22 and IL-17 production by ILC3s. [55][56][57][58] These cytokines are mainly released by CX3CR1 + macrophages and CD103 + CD11b + dendritic cells (DCs) resident in the intestinal lamina propria. 57,59,60 Microbiota-induced IL-1b also induces the release of granulocyte monocyte colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF) by ILC3, which in turn promotes mononuclear phagocytes to produce regulatory components, such as IL-10 and RA.…”

Section: Maternal Microbiota/dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interaction of intestinal microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in health and disease throughout life

Ganal‐Vonarburg

Duerr

2019

Immunology

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Summary Immunity is shaped by commensal microbiota. From early life onwards, microbes colonize mucosal surfaces of the body and thereby trigger the establishment of immune homeostasis and defense mechanisms. Recent evidence reveals that the family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are mainly located in mucosal tissues, are essential in the maintenance of barrier functions as well as in the initiation of an appropriate immune response upon pathogenic infection. In this review, we summarize recent insights on the functional interaction of microbiota and ILCs at steady‐state and throughout life. Furthermore, we will discuss the interplay of ILCs and the microbiota in mucosal infections focusing on intestinal immunity.

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Section: Microbiota and Ilc Interactions During Steady‐state In Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Maternal Microbiota/dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of intestinal microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in health and disease throughout life

Ganal‐Vonarburg

Duerr

2019

Immunology

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“…Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of cytokine-activated, cytokine-secreting lymphocytes that reside in barrier tissues and participate in maintaining mucosal homeostasis and host defense against infection (Branzk et al, 2018; Sonnenberg and Artis, 2015). ILCs functionally analogous to polarized CD4 + T cell subsets are well characterized: group 1 ILC (ILC1) produce IFNγ and are analogous to T helper (Th) type 1 (Th1) cells; ILC2 produce IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 and are analogous to Th2 cells; and ILC3 produce IL-17 and IL-22 and are analogous to Th17 cells (Eberl et al, 2015; Vivier et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ILC2s are the predominant source of intestinal ILC-derived IL-10

Bando

Gilfillan

Luccia

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Although innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) functionally analogous to T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cells are well characterized, an ILC subset strictly equivalent to IL-10–secreting regulatory T cells has only recently been proposed. Here, we report the absence of an intestinal regulatory ILC population distinct from group 1 ILCs (ILC1s), ILC2s, and ILC3s in (1) mice bred in our animal facility; (2) mice from The Jackson Laboratory, Taconic Biosciences, and Charles River Laboratories; and (3) mice subjected to intestinal inflammation. Instead, a low percentage of intestinal ILC2s produced IL-10 at steady state. A screen for putative IL-10 elicitors revealed that IL-2, IL-4, IL-27, IL-10, and neuromedin U (NMU) increased IL-10 production in activated intestinal ILC2s, while TL1A suppressed IL-10 production. Secreted IL-10 further induced IL-10 production in ILC2s through a positive feedback loop. In summary, ILC2s provide an inducible source of IL-10 in the gastrointestinal tract, whereas ILCregs are not a generalizable immune cell population in mice.

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“…The inflammatory response is initiated in living tissues in defense of harmful stimuli, including invading microorganisms, irritants, or noxious chemicals [1]. Physiologically, the inflammatory response provides the benefit of removing invading pathogenic microorganisms, including exogenous stimuli, and promoting the repair of damaged tissues [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

20-Hydroxy-3-Oxolupan-28-Oic Acid Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating PI3K–Akt and MAPKs Signaling Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages

Cao

Luo

et al. 2019

Molecules

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20-Hydroxy-3-oxolupan-28-oic acid (HOA), a lupane-type triterpene, was obtained from the leaves of Mahonia bealei, which is described in the Chinese Pharmacopeia as a remedy for inflammation and related diseases. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of HOA, however, have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms of HOA in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. HOA suppressed the release of nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages without affecting cell viability. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated that HOA also suppressed the gene expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), TNF-α, and IL-6. Further analyses demonstrated that HOA inhibited the phosphorylation of upstream signaling molecules, including p85, PDK1, Akt, IκBα, ERK, and JNK, as well as the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65. Interestingly, HOA had no effect on the LPS-induced nuclear translocation of activator protein 1 (AP-1). Taken together, these results suggest that HOA inhibits the production of cytokine by downregulating iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 gene expression via the downregulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the inhibition of NF-κB activation. Our findings indicate that HOA could potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory agent for medical use.

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Innate lymphoid cells, mediators of tissue homeostasis, adaptation and disease tolerance

Cited by 31 publications

References 196 publications

The interaction of intestinal microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in health and disease throughout life

The interaction of intestinal microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in health and disease throughout life

ILC2s are the predominant source of intestinal ILC-derived IL-10

20-Hydroxy-3-Oxolupan-28-Oic Acid Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating PI3K–Akt and MAPKs Signaling Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages

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