2017
DOI: 10.3390/toxins9120398
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Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) as Mediators of Inflammation, Release of Cytokines and Lytic Molecules

Abstract: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are an emerging group of immune cells that provide the first line of defense against various pathogens as well as contributing to tissue repair and inflammation. ILCs have been classically divided into three subgroups based on their cytokine secretion and transcription factor profiles. ILC nomenclature is analogous to that of T helper cells. Group 1 ILCs composed of natural killer (NK) cells as well as IFN-γ secreting ILC1s. ILC2s have the capability to produce TH2 cytokines while … Show more

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Cited by 35 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…IL‐17 is a cytokine typically detected upon infectious episodes, primarily associated with extracellular pathogens, inducing a rapid and robust release of several proinflammatory cytokines that mediate the recruitment and activation of granulocytes and monocytes required for early control of the invading microorganisms . The synthesis of IL‐17, principally attributed to ILC3s and CD4 + T cells functionally polarized to a Th17 phenotype, is dependent on STAT3, RORγt, and other transcription factors …”
Section: Il‐17‐producing B Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…IL‐17 is a cytokine typically detected upon infectious episodes, primarily associated with extracellular pathogens, inducing a rapid and robust release of several proinflammatory cytokines that mediate the recruitment and activation of granulocytes and monocytes required for early control of the invading microorganisms . The synthesis of IL‐17, principally attributed to ILC3s and CD4 + T cells functionally polarized to a Th17 phenotype, is dependent on STAT3, RORγt, and other transcription factors …”
Section: Il‐17‐producing B Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…123 ILCs represent a family of leukocytes defined by features like the absence of recombination activating gene (RAG)-dependent rearranged Ag receptors, their rapid response upon antigenic challenges, their lymphoid morphology as well as their lack of other lymphocytes lineage markers, a phenotype often referred as lineagenegative (Lin − ). 124 The group I of ILCs comprises the classical NK cells and the noncytotoxic ILC1s, both producers of large amounts of IFN-and other cytokines including TNF-. 125,126 These cells are originated from early lymphoid progenitors expressing the transcriptional repressor Id2.…”
Section: Nk-like B Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…97,98 Further, NK17/NK1 cells, a rare subset of NK cells, are abundant in the CSF of MS patients. 99,100 These cells secrete IL-17 and IFN-γ, two highly inflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to exaggerating the inflammatory response in the brain of MS patients. 99,100 In contrast, NK cells express the inhibitory NKG2A receptor which binds MHC class molecule HLA-E, and that NKG2A + NK cells reduce CNS inflammation by lysing T cells and microglial cells, thus improving the EAE disease state.…”
Section: Role Of Nk Cells In Multiple Sclerosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These ILCs are present in the skin, adipose tissues, mesenteric lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen and mediate inflammatory pathways in various diseases of the lungs and skin. ILCs are classified into three groups according to their transcription factors and cytokine production profile that resembles T-helper (TH) cell subsets [16]. Among these cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are known to play a role in pathogenesis of type 2 inflammatory diseases of the lungs and skin such as asthma and atopic dermatitis [17].…”
Section: Innate Lymphoid Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%