Innate lymphoid cells at the human maternal‐fetal interface in spontaneous preterm labor

Xu, Yi; Romero, Roberto; Miller, Derek; Silva, Pablo G.; Panaitescu, Bogdan; Theis, Kevin R.; Arif, A A; Hassan, Sonia S.; Gomez‐Lopez, Nardhy

doi:10.1111/aji.12820

Cited by 79 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…To date, three distinct subsets of ILCs have been identified based on their different phenotype and functions: ILC1s (dependent on the expression of T-bet); ILC2s (dependent on the expression of GATA3 and RORα); and ILC3s (dependent on the expression of RORγ) (239). ILC2 cells are the most common ILCs expressed in preterm and term decidua (124). However, their role in the context of acute chorioamnionitis is not well-defined.…”

Section: Ilcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In preterm birth patients, an increase in both ILC2s and ILC3s were observed in the decidua basalis and decidua parietalis, respectively (124). Interestingly, ILC3s in the decidua from women with spontaneous preterm labor were activated since they expressed higher levels of IL-13 and IFNγ, cytokines normally produced by ILC2s and ILC1s, respectively (124,240). Further studies are needed to elucidate the biology ILCs during normal and complicated pregnancies.…”

Section: Ilcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunobiology of Acute Chorioamnionitis

2020

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Acute chorioamnionitis is characterized by neutrophilic infiltration and inflammation at the maternal fetal interface. It is a relatively common complication of pregnancy and can have devastating consequences including preterm labor, maternal infections, fetal infection/inflammation, fetal lung, brain, and gastrointestinal tract injury. In this review, we will discuss current understanding of the pathogenesis, immunobiology, and mechanisms of this condition. Most commonly, acute chorioamnionitis is a result of ascending infection with relatively low-virulence organisms such as the Ureaplasma species. Furthermore, recent vaginal microbiome studies suggest that there is a link between vaginal dysbiosis, vaginal inflammation, and ascending infection. Although less common, microorganisms invading the maternal-fetal interface via hematogenous route (e.g., Zika virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Listeria) can cause placental villitis and severe fetal inflammation and injury. We will provide an overview of the knowledge gleaned from different animal models of acute chorioamnionitis and the role of different immune cells in different maternal-fetal compartments. Lastly, we will discuss how infectious agents can break the maternal tolerance of fetal allograft during pregnancy and highlight the novel future therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Ilcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ilcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunobiology of Acute Chorioamnionitis

2020

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“…To date, the most studied causes of pathological inflammation leading to preterm labor have been (a) intra‐amniotic infection/inflammation resulting from microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and (b) intra‐amniotic inflammation without detectable microorganisms (ie, sterile intra‐amniotic inflammation) identified by using both molecular and conventional microbiological techniques, proposed to be due to endogenous danger signals, or alarmins . Most research concerning inflammation‐induced preterm labor has therefore focused on the innate limb of immunity . Yet, several studies reported strong evidence that T cells, the primary cellular component of the adaptive immune system, are present at the maternal‐fetal interface .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are B cells altered in the decidua of women with preterm or term labor?

Leng

Romero²,

et al. 2019

American J Rep Immunol

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Problem The immunophenotype of B cells at the maternal‐fetal interface (decidua) in labor at term and preterm labor is poorly understood. Method of study Decidual tissues were obtained from women with preterm or term labor and from non‐labor gestational age‐matched controls. Immunophenotyping of decidual B cells was performed using multicolor flow cytometry. Results (a) In the absence of acute or chronic chorioamnionitis, total B cells were more abundant in the decidua parietalis of women who delivered preterm than in those who delivered at term, regardless of the presence of labor; (b) decidual transitional and naïve B cells were the most abundant B‐cell subsets; (c) decidual B1 B cells were increased in women with either labor at term or preterm labor and chronic chorioamnionitis compared to those without this placental lesion; (d) decidual transitional B cells were reduced in women with preterm labor compared to those without labor; (e) naïve, class‐switched, and non–class‐switched B cells in the decidual tissues underwent mild alterations with the process of preterm labor; (f) decidual plasmablasts seemed to increase in women with either labor at term or preterm labor with chronic chorioamnionitis; and (g) decidual B cells expressed high levels of interleukin (IL)‐12, IL‐6, and/or IL‐35. Conclusion Total B cells are not increased with the presence of preterm or term labor; yet, specific subsets (B1 and plasmablasts) undergo alterations in women with chronic chorioamnionitis. Therefore, B cells are solely implicated in the pathological process of preterm labor in a subset of women with chronic inflammation of the placenta. These findings provide insight into the immunology of the maternal‐fetal interface in preterm and term labor.

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“…In early pregnancy, ILC3s are abundant in the human decidua to support innate defense and vessel/tissue building, and can signal through cytokines with decidual neutrophils . The IL‐17‐producing ILC3s are also implicated in preeclampsia onset and accumulations of ILC2s and ILC3s were found in deciduas obtained from PTL patients . These findings suggest that ILCs may be a potent source of cytokines that modulate fetomaternal tolerance for successful pregnancy, while dysregulation of ILC cytokine signaling may induce complications of pregnancy.…”

Section: Recent Findings For Other Innate Immune Cells In Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Innate immune cells in reproduction

Negishi

Takahashi

Kuwabara

et al. 2018

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Fetomaternal immune tolerance is required to prevent fetal rejection during pregnancy; simultaneously, the maternal immune system must also protect the fetus from harmful endogenous and exogenous antigens, including those associated with viral and bacterial infections. Therefore, a delicate immune balance is critical for the maintenance of a successful pregnancy, while disruption of this balance can induce complications such as implantation failure, miscarriage, preterm birth/labor, preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. While the adaptive immune system is critical for the development of tolerance, this review summarizes evidence that modulation of the innate immunity is also essential for achieving this delicate balance between tolerance and protection. Canonical cells of the innate immune system, including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells and invariant natural killer T cells, contribute to the modulation of the immune balance at the fetomaternal interface. The newly identified myeloid-derived suppressor cells and innate lymphoid cells also appear important for successful reproduction. Moreover, it is possible that sterile inflammation facilitates complications of pregnancy via the innate immune system. In this review, the characteristic features and functions of innate immune cells in fetomaternal immunity and their contributions to pregnancy complications related to sterile inflammation are discussed. These insights on innate immune system function in reproduction may provide new perspectives for understanding the mechanisms of fetomaternal tolerance and the etiology of pregnancy complications.

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Innate lymphoid cells at the human maternal‐fetal interface in spontaneous preterm labor

Cited by 79 publications

References 120 publications

Immunobiology of Acute Chorioamnionitis

Immunobiology of Acute Chorioamnionitis

Are B cells altered in the decidua of women with preterm or term labor?

Innate immune cells in reproduction

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