Innate (inherent) control of brain infection, brain inflammation and brain repair: the role of microglia, astrocytes, “protective” glial stem cells and stromal ependymal cells

Hauwel, Mathieu; Furon, Emeline; Canova, Cécile; Griffiths, Mark; Neal, J. W.; Gasque, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.012

Cited by 130 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…Similar to microglia and consistent with their contribution in the innate immune response of the brain, astrocytes themselves can release several pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus giving rise to an autocrine/paracrine loop of activation (Fig. 1b) [30].…”

Section: Cytokines and Growth Factorssupporting

confidence: 52%

Astrocytes in the damaged brain: Molecular and cellular insights into their reactive response and healing potential

Buffo

Rolando

Ceruti

2010

Biochemical Pharmacology

287

260

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 Running title: Beneficial and detrimental outcomes of astrogliosis after central nervous system injury. Abbreviations:Ado, adenosine; AMPA, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate; AP1, activator protein1; AQP, acquaporin; BBB, blood-brain barrier; BDNF, brain-derived growth factor; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; bHLH, basic helix loop helix; BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; CNS, central nervous system; CNTF, ciliary neurotrophic factor;COX-2, cyclooxigenase-2; CREB, cAMP response element binding; CSPGs, chondroitinsulphate proteoglycans; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; EGF, epidermal growth factor; Eph4A, ephrin 4A; Epo, erythropoietin; ET1, Endothelin 1; ET-R, endothelin receptor; GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid; GDNF, glial cell-line derived neurotropic factor; GF, growth factor; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; GLAST, glutamate aspartate transporter; GLT1, glutamate transporter 1; GS, glutamine synthase; IFN , interferon-beta; IFNγ, interferon gamma; IGF1, insulin growth factor1; IL1β, interleukin 1 beta; IL2, interleukin 2; IL6, interleukin 6; IL10, interleukin 10; JAK, Janus protein tyrosine kinases; Lcn2, Lipocalin 2; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MMP, matrix metalloprotease; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T cell; NFkB, nuclear factor kappa B; NGF, nerve growth factor; NT3, neurotrophin 3; p38MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; SOCS, suppressor of cytokine signaling; SOD, superoxide dismutase; STAT, signal transducers and activators of transcription; TGFα, transforming growth factor alpha;TGFβ, transforming growth factor beta; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; VCAM1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Page 4 of 63A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 4...

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Section: Cytokines and Growth Factorssupporting

confidence: 52%

Astrocytes in the damaged brain: Molecular and cellular insights into their reactive response and healing potential

Buffo

Rolando

Ceruti

2010

Biochemical Pharmacology

287

260

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conversely, a long-term inflammatory response mediated by chronically activated glia appears to be detrimental to neuronal function and survival. However, these generalizations remain controversial and variable depending on the cytokines, cell-types, and inflammatory conditions that are involved, as discussed in detail in many excellent reviews [11][12][13][14][15][16]. There is no doubt, however, that inflammation is linked to many diseases of the nervous system [17][18][19].…”

Section: Inflammation and Migration: Regulation By Gsk3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3): Inflammation, Diseases, and Therapeutics

2006

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Deciphering what governs inflammation and its effects on tissues is vital for understanding many pathologies. The recent discovery that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) promotes inflammation reveals a new component of its well-documented actions in several prevalent diseases which involve inflammation, including mood disorders, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cancer. Involvement in such disparate conditions stems from the widespread influences of GSK3 on many cellular functions, with this review focusing on its regulation of inflammatory processes. GSK3 promotes the production of inflammatory molecules and cell migration, which together make GSK3 a powerful regulator of inflammation, while GSK3 inhibition provides protection from inflammatory conditions in animal models. The involvement of GSK3 and inflammation in these diseases are highlighted. Thus, GSK3 may contribute not only to primary pathologies in these diseases, but also to the associated inflammation, suggesting that GSK3 inhibitors may have multiple effects influencing these conditions.

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“…Astrocytes also may provide a role for the resolution of inflammation by reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory processes (Kielian, 2004, Hauwel et al, 2005, Park et al, 2003. Decreased BBB integrity early in SIV/HIV infection allows latently-infected monocytes to enter the brain (Fischer-Smith and Rappaport, 2005).…”

Section: Astrocytes and Signaling In Encephalitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Astrocytes and microglia are the primary cell types found in glia scar formation. They serve a vital role during injury to the brain: both astrocytes and microglia are capable of promoting an inflammatory response, but are also known to have cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects (Hauwel et al, 2005, Park et al, 2003. The complex nature of astrocytes' chemokine response has recently been shown to vary by pathogen (McKimmie and Graham, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%