Innate immunity to Toxoplasma gondii

Mordue, Dana G.; Hunter, Christopher A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815041-2.00025-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 239 publications

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“…In addition, CD4 T cells play an important role in inducing immune responses and produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) for the development of CD8 T cells. Nevertheless, numerous vaccine studies have also indicated that a broad range of immune responses requiring elements of humoral immunity with antibodies provide the best protection against infection [65]. Consequently, numerous studies have surveyed whether immune responses to MICs and other candidate antigens, such as (GPI)-anchored protein (SAG, SRS, and SUSA), GRA, ROP, either singly or in a cocktail, induce protection against challenge by evaluating the survival time and brain cyst burden [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review on efficiency of microneme proteins to induce protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii

Dodangeh

Daryani

Sharif

et al. 2019

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite infecting almost all warm-blooded animals. Many studies on vaccination have been performed previously, and micronemal proteins (MICs) have crucial importance in this regard. The current review aims to reveal the efficiency of MICs as target antigen, adjuvants, animal models (species/strain), T. gondii strains for challenge infection, and routes of vaccine to prevent Toxoplasma infection. A comprehensive literature search was performed on April 18, 2018, in several known databases. Studies were included when evaluating vaccines based on MIC against T. gondii compared to that of a control group. Two independent researchers done the search process, study choice, and data extraction. A total of 28 articles published were selected for further analysis. Among them, 57.03% of the studies focused on MIC3 and its epitopes. SAG1 was further used in cocktail vaccines compared to other antigens. GM-CSF and Freund's complete were the predominant adjuvants used. BALB/c mice have been introduced as a proper model for lethal challenge. Virulent T. gondii (RH) was utilized more than other strains for challenge. Among MICs, the results of vaccination with MIC1-4, MIC6, and PLP1 demonstrated significantly strong humoral and cellular immunity, increased survival time, and reduced cyst burden in the mice. This review summarizes the latest results on MIC-based vaccines and presents that the most effective vaccination procedure is the administration of the cocktail vaccines. Our survey can serve as a basis for further studies to develop more efficient novel vaccines against T. gondii for animals and humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review on efficiency of microneme proteins to induce protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii

Dodangeh

Daryani

Sharif

et al. 2019

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Confers Partial Protection Against Toxoplasma gondii Infection in a Pre-treated Experimental Murine Model

et al. 2022

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Host autophagy limits Toxoplasma gondii proliferation in the absence of IFN-γ by affecting the hijack of Rab11A-positive vesicles

Pan

Yang²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionAutophagy has been recognized as a bona fide immunological process. Evidence has shown that this process in IFN-γ stimulated cells controls Toxoplasma gondii proliferation or eliminates its infection. However, little is known about the effect of T. gondii infection on the host cell autophagy in the absence of IFN-γ.MethodsMultiple autophagy detection methods and CRISPR/CAS9 technology were used to study T. gondii-induced autophagy in HeLa and several other mammalian cell lines.ResultsHere, we report increased LC3 II, autophagosome-like membrane structures, enhanced autophagic flux, and decreased lysosomes in a range of mammalian cell lines without IFN-γ treatment after T. gondii infection. Specifically, disruption of host atg5 (a necessary gene for autophagy) in HeLa cells promoted the intracellular replication of T. gondii, with the transcript level of rab11a increased, compared with that in wild-type cells. Further, after T. gondii infection, the abundance of Rab11A remained stable in wild-type HeLa cells but decreased in atg5−/− mutant. Disruption of rab11a in the HeLa cells compromised the proliferation of T. gondii, and increased the transcription of gra2 in the parasite. Compared to the T. gondii wild-type RH∆ku80 strain, the ∆gra2 mutant induces enhanced host autophagy in HeLa cells, and results in slower replication of the parasite.DiscussionCollectively, these results indicate that host cell autophagy can limit T. gondii proliferation in an IFN-γ independent manner, possibly by affecting the hijack of host Rab11A-positive vesicles by the parasite which involved TgGRA2. The findings provide novel insights into T. gondii infection in host cells and toxoplasmosis research.

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Innate immunity to Toxoplasma gondii

Cited by 3 publications

References 239 publications

A systematic review on efficiency of microneme proteins to induce protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii

A systematic review on efficiency of microneme proteins to induce protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii

Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Confers Partial Protection Against Toxoplasma gondii Infection in a Pre-treated Experimental Murine Model

Host autophagy limits Toxoplasma gondii proliferation in the absence of IFN-γ by affecting the hijack of Rab11A-positive vesicles

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