“…This formed the rationale for a scientific collaboration between two university partners; the Cell Biology and Immunology (CBI) group at Wageningen University & Research and the Centro de Aquicultura da Unesp (Caunesp) at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, and the research unit of a commercial partner in Brazil (Biorigin). The scientific rationale for the project entitled "Use of branched 1,3/1,6 β-glucan, MacroGard ® , a waste product of the production of sugar and ethanol from baker's yeast, to stimulate the innate immune system of farmed fish (short name NOWASTE)" took shape after earlier observations on the immunomodulating ability of the β-glucan product, as published in two PhD theses of the Cell Biology and Immunology group (7,8).…”