Innate cytokine profiling of bovine alveolar macrophages reveals commonalities and divergence in the response to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Goats challenged with different members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex display different clinical pictures

“…The lowest lesion score was recorded in the M. tuberculosis-infected group, suggesting also a lower pathogenicity of this species in goats. Previous studies reported a different immunological response against M. bovis and M. tuberculosis despite they have <99.9% genome sequence similarity (Magee et al, 2014). Moreover, results of the present study showed different sensitivity of diagnostic tests depending of the species of the MTC involved and the lesions caused, as it has been previously reported in previous studies (Buendia et al, 2013).…”

Innate Resistance to Tuberculosis in Man, Cattle and Laboratory Animal Models: Nipping Disease in the Bud?

“…Transcriptional profiling of innate immune genes in bovine alveolar macrophages in vitro 24 and 48 h post infection with either Mb or Mtb found significant upregulation of genes including IL-6 (as well as TLR2, IL-1B and TNF ). Furthermore significant upregulation of IL-6 was noted by Mb-infected macrophages relative to their Mtbinfected counterparts at 48 h post infection (Magee et al, 2014).…”

“…Meade et al (2007) found 2.4-and 1.2-fold reductions in the expression of the TLR2 and TLR4 genes, respectively, in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of tuberculous cattle and polymorphisms in the TLR1 gene have been implicated in the susceptibility of Chinese Holstein cattle to active TB (Sun et al, 2012). Magee et al (2014) recently reported significant upregulation of TLR2 by both Mb-and Mtb-infected bovine alveolar macrophages in vitro 24 and 48 h post infection, as well as significant upregulation of TLR2 by Mb-infected compared with Mtb-infected cells at the later time point. The fact that Mb can cause disease in both man and cattle, yet Mtb does not cause TB in cattle, suggests substantive species differences in the innate response to infection, possibly linked to different TLR usage and/or differences in gene expression between Mb and Mtb (Werling et al, 2006;Piercy et al, 2007;Whelan et al, 2010;Magee et al, 2014).…”

“…Magee et al (2014) recently reported significant upregulation of TLR2 by both Mb-and Mtb-infected bovine alveolar macrophages in vitro 24 and 48 h post infection, as well as significant upregulation of TLR2 by Mb-infected compared with Mtb-infected cells at the later time point. The fact that Mb can cause disease in both man and cattle, yet Mtb does not cause TB in cattle, suggests substantive species differences in the innate response to infection, possibly linked to different TLR usage and/or differences in gene expression between Mb and Mtb (Werling et al, 2006;Piercy et al, 2007;Whelan et al, 2010;Magee et al, 2014). Widdison et al (2008) reported that lower levels of chemokines expressed by Mb-infected compared with Mtb-infected bovine alveolar macrophages suggested a mechanism by which Mb evades the bovine immune response.…”

“…This difference in chemotactic signalling might also account for cattle infected with Mtb not forming typical pulmonary granulomas (Piercy et al, 2007). Magee et al (2014) proposed that the gene expression differences of bovine macrophages infected with Mb and Mtb represented a transcriptional response to phagosomal escape by Mb, which is more pathogenic in this species.…”