Innate and Adaptive Immune Correlates of Chronic and Self-limiting EBV DNAemia in Solid-organ Transplant Recipients

Ferreira, Victor H; Batist, Judah; Humar, Atul; Kumar, Deepali

doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000003130

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Dysfunction in innate and adaptive immune responses increased the risk of herpes virus infection in previous studies ( 1 , 33 – 36 ). We found associations between five cytokines and later positive herpes virus PCR tests in our adjusted models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Prediction of herpes virus infections after solid organ transplantation: a prospective study of immune function

et al. 2023

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IntroductionHerpes virus infections are a major concern after solid organ transplantation and linked to the immune function of the recipient. We aimed to determine the incidence of positive herpes virus (cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus type 1/2 (HSV-1/2), and varicella zoster virus (VZV)) PCR tests during the first year post-transplantation and assess whether a model including immune function pre-transplantation and three months post-transplantation could predict a subsequent positive herpes virus PCR.MethodsAll participants were preemptively screened for CMV, and EBV IgG-negative participants were screened for EBV during the first year post-transplantation. Herpes virus PCR tests for all included herpes viruses (CMV, EBV, HSV-1/2, and VZV) were retrieved from the Danish Microbiology database containing nationwide PCR results from both hospitals and outpatient clinics. Immune function was assessed by whole blood stimulation with A) LPS, B) R848, C) Poly I:C, and D) a blank control. Cytokine concentrations (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17A, IFN-α, and IFN-γ) were measured using Luminex.ResultsWe included 123 liver (54%), kidney (26%), and lung (20%) transplant recipients. The cumulative incidence of positive herpes virus PCR tests was 36.6% (95% CI: 28.1-45.1) during the first year post-transplantation. The final prediction model included recipient age, type of transplantation, CMV serostatus, and change in Poly I:C-induced IL-12p40 from pre-transplantation to three months post-transplantation. The prediction model had an AUC of 77% (95% CI: 61-92). Risk scores were extracted from the prediction model, and the participants were divided into three risk groups. Participants with a risk score <5 (28% of the cohort), 5-10 (45% of the cohort), and >10 (27% of the cohort) had a cumulative incidence of having a positive herpes virus PCR test at 5.8%, 25%, and 73%, respectively (p < 0.001)ConclusionIn conclusion, the incidence of positive herpes virus PCR tests was high, and a risk model including immune function allowed the prediction of positive herpes virus PCR and may be used to identify recipients at higher risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Prediction of herpes virus infections after solid organ transplantation: a prospective study of immune function

et al. 2023

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“…Recent progress and applications illuminate the salient features and the prospects of CyTOF in sketching the immune landscape. In essence, CyTOF can picture both innate 77,137,165,166 and adaptive 123,167 immune landscapes, which includes numerous phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous cell subsets of lymphoid and myeloid lineages that are involved in adequate surveillance and pathogens killing. Panoramic views of systemic immunity involving circulation and infiltration can also be obtained.…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and applications of mass cytometry in sketching immune landscapes

Zhang

Warden

2020

Clinical & Translational Med

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Recently emerged mass cytometry (cytometry by time-of-flight [CyTOF]) technology permits the identification and quantification of inherently diverse cellular systems, and the simultaneous measurement of functional attributes at the single-cell resolution. By virtue of its multiplex ability with limited need for compensation, CyTOF has led a critical role in immunological research fields. Here, we present an overview of CyTOF, including the introduction of CyTOF principle and advantages that make it a standalone tool in deciphering immune mysteries. We then discuss the functional assays, introduce the bioinformatics to interpret the data yield via CyTOF, and depict the emerging clinical and research applications of CyTOF technology in sketching immune landscape in a wide variety of diseases.

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Application of Mass Cytometry Platforms to Solid Organ Transplantation

Zhang,

Sen,

Pena

et al. 2024

Transplantation

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Transplantation serves as the cornerstone of treatment for patients with end-stage organ disease. The prevalence of complications, such as allograft rejection, infection, and malignancies, underscores the need to dissect the complex interactions of the immune system at the single-cell level. In this review, we discuss studies using mass cytometry or cytometry by time-of-flight, a cutting-edge technology enabling the characterization of immune populations and cell-to-cell interactions in granular detail. We review the application of mass cytometry in human and experimental animal studies in the context of transplantation, uncovering invaluable contributions of the tool to understanding rejection and other transplant-related complications. We discuss recent innovations that have the potential to streamline and standardize mass cytometry workflows for application to multisite clinical trials. Additionally, we introduce imaging mass cytometry, a technique that couples the power of mass cytometry with spatial context, thereby mapping cellular interactions within tissue microenvironments. The synergistic integration of mass cytometry and imaging mass cytometry data with other omics data sets and high-dimensional data platforms to further define immune dynamics is discussed. In conclusion, mass cytometry technologies, when integrated with other tools and data, shed light on the intricate landscape of the immune response in transplantation. This approach holds significant potential for enhancing patient outcomes by advancing our understanding and facilitating the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics.

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Innate and Adaptive Immune Correlates of Chronic and Self-limiting EBV DNAemia in Solid-organ Transplant Recipients

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Prediction of herpes virus infections after solid organ transplantation: a prospective study of immune function

Prediction of herpes virus infections after solid organ transplantation: a prospective study of immune function

Progress and applications of mass cytometry in sketching immune landscapes

Application of Mass Cytometry Platforms to Solid Organ Transplantation

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