Inland water bodies in China: Features discovered in the long-term satellite data

Feng, Shuailong; Liu, Shuguang; Huang, Zhihong; Lei, Jing; Zhao, Meifang; Peng, Xi; Yan, Wende; Wu, Yiping; Lv, Yihe; Smith, Andrew R.; McDonald, Morag; Patil, Sopan; Sarkissian, Arbi J.; Shi, Zhihua; Xia, Jun; Ogbodo, U. S.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1910872116

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…claim that WB number in their study is close to the value (1,291) determined by Mao et al (7) from 2014, as lake number (>1 km 2 ) has been increasing in recent decades, and there are few reservoirs on the TP (Fig. 1).…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…It is unsurprising that Feng et al (1) mapped more WBs than previous studies (3,4), as a longer period (1984 to 2015) was covered, the historical maximum water area was used, and more WB types were included. The differences in total area found between Feng et al (1) and other studies (3,8) are due to similar reasons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In addition, Feng et al (1) indicate that the WBs in China follow the size-abundance relationships. Although these relationships have been widely used, this hypothesis is reported to be inconsistent (e.g., refs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are China’s water bodies (lakes) underestimated?

Zhang

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In their study of surface water bodies (WBs) in China, Feng et al. (1) used the global surface water dataset (GSWD) by Pekel et al. (2) to report that the abundance of WBs (>1 km 2) and their total area were underestimated greatly by previous studies (3, 4). However, the incorrect definitions of WBs, data coverage, and the temporal windows in Feng et al. (1) could have resulted in large errors, and thus discrepancies for the number of WBs detected and their area changes. As Earth's surface water is driven by changing climate and anthropogenic factors, it is important that an epoch date be defined at which the WB calculations are referenced. Feng et al. (1) used the GSWD (2), excluding rivers and streams, to calculate the WB occurrences in China during 1984 to 2015 and found there is a total of 6,821 WBs (>1 km 2). They argued that previous studies (e.g., refs. 3 and 4) have underestimated the number and sizes of WBs in China. Indeed, a smaller number (5,535) of lakes and reservoirs has been derived from Landsat images during 2005 to 2008 (3), and 2,693 lakes were mapped during 2005 to 2006 (4). Zhang et al. (5) demonstrated that China had 2,554 lakes (>1 km 2) in 2015 and that lake number and area in China including Tibetan Plateau (TP) have been increasing between the 1970s and 2015 (Fig. 1). When compiling a lake inventory, reservoirs and dams should be excluded, and a relatively stable season for WBs should be chosen to avoid seasonal, interannual, or longer variability (6). This is the reason why ±2-y or longer data intervals should be employed (5). These considerations are not addressed by Feng et al. (1), leading to the feasibility that the maximum WBs number and area were estimated. For the TP, Feng et al. (1) Sciences (XDA20060201 and XDA19070302), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB0505005 and 2017YFA0603103-3), and the Natural Science Foundation of China (41871056). Funding support for H.X. was partially from the US NASA Award (80NSSC19M0194).

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supporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 52%

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Are China’s water bodies (lakes) underestimated?

Zhang

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…3a). For the provinces in North China Plain, agriculture intensification and increased groundwater use were the major driving forces for the decreased TWS 26 . For example, in Shandong Province the amount of groundwater use exceeded the amount of groundwater recharge by the natural processes over the past several decades, and excessive withdrawal of groundwater resulted in the largest decreasing trend of TWS (−1.7 ± 0.7 cm year −1 ) in Shandong 34,42 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some of these studies used images for specific dates in different years for comparison 18 – 20 , which might lead to very different results and temporal uncertainties in SWA due to the strong seasonal dynamics and interannual variation of surface water bodies 23 , and some of these studies only focused on certain hotspots in China 21 , 22 . Furthermore, several studies have reported the area changes of only lakes, ponds, or reservoirs 13 , 24 – 26 , but did not include other surface water bodies such as rivers and streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gainers and losers of surface and terrestrial water resources in China during 1989–2016

et al. 2020

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Data and knowledge of the spatial-temporal dynamics of surface water area (SWA) and terrestrial water storage (TWS) in China are critical for sustainable management of water resources but remain very limited. Here we report annual maps of surface water bodies in China during 1989-2016 at 30m spatial resolution. We find that SWA decreases in waterpoor northern China but increases in water-rich southern China during 1989-2016. Our results also reveal the spatial-temporal divergence and consistency between TWS and SWA during 2002-2016. In North China, extensive and continued losses of TWS, together with small to moderate changes of SWA, indicate long-term water stress in the region. Approximately 569 million people live in those areas with deceasing SWA or TWS trends in 2015. Our data set and the findings from this study could be used to support the government and the public to address increasing challenges of water resources and security in China.

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Assessing changes in total water storage in two large freshwater lake basins of China

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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The quantitative assessment of changes in total water storage (TWS) is of great significance for regional water resources management in basins with large lakes. Here, the basins of Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake, the two largest freshwater lakes in China, were selected to assess TWS changes using multi-source datasets. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) TWS anomalies (TWSA) increased by 8.8 mm a À2 (p < 0.01) and 8.3 mm a À2 (p < 0.01) from 2003 to 2016 for the Poyang Lake Basin (PYLB) and Dongting Lake Basin (DTLB), respectively. Four major components, namely lake water storage, soil moisture storage, groundwater storage and reservoir storage, contributed positively to the TWSA increase in the two lake basins.The TWSA increase was dominated by groundwater storage increase (52.6%) over PYLB and by reservoir storage increase (47.4%) over DTLB. The increases in soil moisture storage contributed 22.4% and 27.6% to TWSA changes for PYLB and DTLB, respectively, which were mainly caused by increases in precipitation. The contributions of lake water storage to TWSA increases were only 4.3% and 1.3% in PYLB and DTLB, respectively, indicating that the impacts of water storage in natural lakes on TWS were far lower than those of reservoirs, even in basins with large lakes. The results highlight that reservoir and groundwater storage play crucial roles in TWS partitioning, suggesting that attention should be paid to the two components of land surface and hydrological simulations in highly populated lake basins under global change.

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Inland water bodies in China: Features discovered in the long-term satellite data

Abstract: Peer reviewed versionCyswllt i'r cyhoeddiad / Link to publication Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA):

Cited by 53 publications

References 46 publications

Are China’s water bodies (lakes) underestimated?

Are China’s water bodies (lakes) underestimated?

Gainers and losers of surface and terrestrial water resources in China during 1989–2016

Assessing changes in total water storage in two large freshwater lake basins of China

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