Injury incidence rates of cyclists compared to pedestrians, car occupants and powered two-wheeler riders, using a medical registry and mobility data, Rhône County, France

Blaizot, Stéphanie; Papon, Francis; Haddak, Mohamed Mouloud; Amoros, Emmanuelle

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.04.018

Cited by 67 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Three retrospective studies (Mindell et al, 2012;Blaizot et al, 2013;Tin Tin et al, 2011) included all ages and another (Tin Tin et al, 2010) included participants aged 5 years or older. These studies used a telephone questionnaire administered by a national institution to obtain information about traveling data.…”

Section: Retrospective Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This included aspects such as helmet use, clothing, and use of lights when riding in the dark (Mindell et al, 2012;Bacchieri et al, 2010;Blaizot et al, 2013;Thornley et al, 2008;Tin Tin et al, 2010;Hoffman et al, 2010;Johnson et al, 2010;Poulos et al, 2012). These factors were assessed through questionnaires, often those that were used to assess exposure.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Bicycle Accidentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposure data were collected using a retrospective approach (Mindell et al, 2012;Aultman-Hall and Hall, 1998;Aultman-Hall and Kaltenecker, 1999;Bacchieri et al, 2010;Blaizot et al, 2013;Lusk et al, 2011;Rodgers, 1995;Thornley et al, 2008;Tin Tin et al, 2010Teschke et al, 2012;Twisk and Reurings, 2013;Vandenbulcke et al, 2009;Yiannakoulias et al, 2012) or a prospective approach (Poulos et al, 2015;de Geus et al, 2012;Hoffman et al, 2010;Johnson et al, 2010;Sayed et al, 2013).…”

Section: Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Exposure measurement in bicycle safety analysis: A review of the literature

Vanparijs

Panis

Meeusen

et al. 2015

Accident Analysis & Prevention

132

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Section: Retrospective Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Influencing Bicycle Accidentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exposure measurement in bicycle safety analysis: A review of the literature

Vanparijs

Panis

Meeusen

et al. 2015

Accident Analysis & Prevention

132

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“…Safety impact models therefore sometimes apply nonlinear crash risk functions, which reflect that with increasing levels of cycling (through whatever measures), crash rates increase less than cycling levels (Schepers & Heinen, 2013;Woodcock et al, 2013), a phenomenon referred to as 'safety in numbers' (Elvik, 2009;Jacobsen, 2003). While this relationship has been observed widely (Blaizot, Papon, Haddak, & Amoros, 2013;Elvik, 2009;Gotschi, 2011;Jacobsen, 2003;OECD & International Transport Forum, 2013;Robinson, 2005), its interpretation has been criticized for being too focused on one of the two possible causal directions -the higher number of cyclists improving safety -while equally, more safety increasing the numbers of cyclists ('numbers in safety') would, and likely has, lead to the same nonlinear relationship (Bhatia & Wier, 2011). Pathways in both directions are plausible, but there is no research available that could quantify the pathway-specific contributions to safety or numbers, respectively.…”

Section: Crash Risk From Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling as a Part of Daily Life: A Review of Health Perspectives

2015

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Health aspects of day-to-day cycling have gained attention from the health sector aiming to increase levels of physical activity, and from the transport and planning sector, to justify investments in cycling. We review and discuss the main pathways between cycling and health under two perspectives -generalizable epidemiological evidence for health effects and specific impact modeling to quantify health impacts in concrete settings. Substantial benefits from physical activity dominate the public health impacts of cycling. Epidemiological evidence is strong and impact modeling is well advanced. Injuries amount to a smaller impact on the population level, but affect crash victims disproportionately and perceived risks deter potential cyclists. Basic data on crash risks are available, but evidence on determinants of risks is limited and impact models are highly dependent on local factors. Risks from air pollution can be assumed to be small, with limited evidence for cycling-specific mechanisms. Based on a large body of evidence, planners, health professionals, and decision-makers can rest assured that benefits from cycling-related physical activity are worth pursuing. Safety improvements should be part of the efforts to promote cycling, both to minimize negative impacts and to lower barriers to cycling for potential riders.

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“…For example, a study in the United States found that compared with car occupants, pedestrians and cyclists were 23 and 12 times more likely to be killed per kilometre travelled (75). A study in the Rhode County in France found that compared with car occupants, cyclists were three times more likely to be killed per time travelled, eight times more likely to be injured and 16 times more likely to be seriously injured (76). For pedestrians, this study indicated that despite being half as likely to be injured in a road accident, they were twice as likely to be seriously injured compared with car occupants.…”

Section: The Be and Road Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the health and economic impact of built environment interventions

Diomedi¹,

Belén²

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BackgroundIn Australia, over half (57%) of the adult population is not meeting national physical activity guidelines. This is concerning, given that physical inactivity is a well-known preventable risk factor for several chronic diseases. Physical inactivity was estimated to cost Australians 124,000 disability-adjusted life years annually (2015) and a significant proportion of the healthcare budget. Furthermore, physically inactive people are more likely to be absent from work, underperform, or both, impacting negatively on their career prospects and national output.In Australia, the majority of the people live in urban areas (90%) and population projections show significant growth in its main cities. Hence, shaping cities such that they contribute to healthy behaviours is key to building a healthy and prosperous population. The research community can contribute to a healthy expansion of Australian cities by producing context specific evidence for the potential of the built environment to enhance population health. AimsThe overall aim of this thesis is to contribute to the evidence on the potential health and economic benefits of investing in built environments that are supportive of physical activity. ii MethodsTwo systematic reviews were conducted to address RQ 1 and 3, applying rigorous methods to ensure objectivity in the selection of literature. For RQ 2, 4 and 5, a multi-state life-table modelling approach, developed as part of the Assessing Cost Effectiveness in Prevention study, was updated and expanded. For RQ 2, the model was used to estimate health-adjusted life years (HALYs) and healthcare costs attributable to changes in exposure to attributes of the built environment within the neighbourhood area. For RQ 4, the methods applied to answer RQ 2 were expanded, and describe a method to estimate the health benefits of physical activity that can be included in cost-benefit analyses of built environment interventions. Lastly, the model is significantly expanded for RQ 5, with the addition of exposure to air pollution and road trauma. These are added to physical activity to assess the likely overall health impact of Brisbane achieving its proposed travel targets (15% of trips walking, 5% cycling and 14% using public transport). Main findingsFor the Australian setting, recent evidence indicates that features of the built environment in neighbourhoods, including the availability of destinations and diverse use of lands, can support physical activity, and especially walking (RQ 1). Improvements in the built environment within the neighbourhood can therefore significantly contribute to population health (RQ2). However, it is uncertain whether improved health will translate into healthcare costs savings, as initial reductions may be offset by healthcare costs in added life years. The evidence demonstrating the economic merit of active transport interventions has been growing markedly over the last 10 years (RQ3). Cost-benefit analysis is a widely used method for the economic appraisal of interventions ...

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Injury incidence rates of cyclists compared to pedestrians, car occupants and powered two-wheeler riders, using a medical registry and mobility data, Rhône County, France

Cited by 67 publications

References 20 publications

Exposure measurement in bicycle safety analysis: A review of the literature

Exposure measurement in bicycle safety analysis: A review of the literature

Cycling as a Part of Daily Life: A Review of Health Perspectives

Modelling the health and economic impact of built environment interventions

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