Injury Evaluation Techniques for Non Lethal, Kinetic Energy Munitions

Lyon, David H.; Bir, Cynthia; Patton, Brendan J.

doi:10.21236/ada351529

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…(2) Ballistics criteria are based on the influence of projectile parameters on the severity of injuries (Clare et al 1975;Lyon et al 1999). These criteria include explicitly physical parameters of the projectile (mass, velocity and calibre) and of the biological target (mass and thoracic wall thickness).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On ballistic parameters of less lethal projectiles influencing the severity of thoracic blunt impacts

Pavier

Langlet

Eches

et al. 2013

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

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The development and safety certification of less lethal projectiles require an understanding of the influence of projectile parameters on projectile-chest interaction and on the resulting terminal effect. Several energy-based criteria have been developed for chest injury assessment. Many studies consider kinetic energy (KE) or energy density as the only projectile parameter influencing terminal effect. In a common KE range (100-160 J), analysis of the firing tests of two 40 mm projectiles of different masses on animal surrogates has been made in order to investigate the severity of the injuries in the thoracic region. Experimental results have shown that KE and calibre are not sufficient to discriminate between the two projectiles as regards their injury potential. Parameters, such as momentum, shape and impedance, influence the projectile-chest interaction and terminal effect. A simplified finite element model of projectile-structure interaction confirms the experimental tendencies. Within the range of ballistic parameters used, it has been demonstrated that maximum thoracic deflection is a useful parameter to predict the skeletal level of injury, and it largely depends on the projectile pre-impact momentum. However, numerical simulations show that these results are merely valid for the experimental conditions used and cannot be generalised. Nevertheless, the transmitted impulse seems to be a more general factor governing the thorax deflection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On ballistic parameters of less lethal projectiles influencing the severity of thoracic blunt impacts

Pavier

Langlet

Eches

et al. 2013

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

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show abstract

“…This model can be used with a soft armor vest to identify the pressures and shock waves generated through the gel during a ballistic impact. Lyons et al (1999) extracted three rib structure sub-units from a BIOSID crash test dummy to create a surrogate for non-penetrating ballistic impact testing. The model consists of ribs, a spine box, damping material, nylon supports for the spine box, and a conductive-plastic position transducer.…”

Section: Experimental Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%