Injection of Acanthaster planci with thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS). I. Disease induction

Rivera-Posada, Jairo; Pratchett, Morgan S.; Cano-Gómez, Ana; Arango-Gómez, J. D.; Owens, Leigh

doi:10.3354/dao02401

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…4B) can be associated with the release of vibrio enterotoxins which are recognized for their capacity to induce intestinal fluid secretion, inflammation and severe tissue damage (Raimondi et al 2000, Thompson et al 2006. There was good agreement between the histopathology findings, bacterial culture and identification (Rivera-Posada et al 2011a,b, present study), suggesting that histopathological examination is a reliable tool that allowed identification of typical vibriosis lesions and could contribute to the differentiation from other causes. Varello et al (2008) compared histologic techniques and bacteria cultures for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis reporting similar results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The present study showed that bacteria assemblages found on affected COTS tissues played an important role in the development of disease supporting the hypothesis of activation of quorum sensing mechanism proposed by Rivera-Posada et al (2011a). However, being opportunistic species, vibrios can evolve and recombine when reaching high densities in animal guts or as part of aquatic biofilms, transferring or inducing expression of virulence genes in less or non-pathogenic populations (Thompson et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…As the disease progressed, blisters on the dorsal integument broke through the skin surface and resulted in large, open sores that exposed the internal organs (Rivera-Posada et al 2011a). COTS tissues showed a progressive breakdown of muscle, disorganization of connective tissue, and degeneration and disruption of the epithelium.…”

Section: Macroscopic Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injection of Acanthaster planci with thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS). II. Histopathological changes

Rivera-Posada¹,

Pratchett²,

Owens³

2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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ABSTRACT:We assessed histological changes in the tissues of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci (COTS) after injection of thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS) which was used as a disease inducer (potential outbreak control method), by conventional and scanning electron microscopy. Digestive glands were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to describe the histological architecture of the intestinal epithelium. Subsequently comparison of healthy versus infected tissues and Gram stains were carried out to confirm bacterial occurrence on infected tissues, characterize the structural changes induced by bacterial communities in COTS tissues, and to determine if the histopathological changes of intestinal tissues were consistent with vibrio infection. TCBS injections induced marked epithelial desquamation, hypertrophy and hypersecretion of glandular cells, epithelial cell destruction, pyknosis, reduction of thickness and disorganization of connective tissue and associated nerve plexus, presence of bacterial colonies, irregular eosinophilic foci in glandular cells, brush border disruption, atrophy and detachment of intestinal microvilli and cell debris in the lumen. All these changes were attributed to a fulminating systemic dysbiosis and were consistent with vibrio infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Macroscopic Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Injection of Acanthaster planci with thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS). II. Histopathological changes

Rivera-Posada¹,

Pratchett²,

Owens³

2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Puncture wound from a spine is intensely painful and causes oedema, erythema and infection of the surrounding areas (Rivera-Posada et al 2011). Limiting the exposure of divers/collector to spines by injecting the organism with cheaper and environmental friendly chemicals (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of <i>Acanthaster planci</i> (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) to hypersaline solution: Its potential application to population control

Dios

Sotto

et al. 2015

Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies

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“…In addition, there are likely to be significant constraints on energy investement for CoTS towards the end of outbreaks following selection depletion of preferred coral prey (e.g., Acropora) if not comprehensive coral loss (Pratchett 2010). If crown-of-thorns starfish continue to invest disproportionately into immune defence even when prey are scarce, energy reserves will be depleted even more rapidly, thereby making individuals even more prone to disease (Rivera-Posada et al 2011b, 2011c. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

30 Years of Research on Crown-of-thorns Starfish (1986-2016): Scientific Advances and Emerging Opportunities

Pratchett¹,

Caballes²,

Wilmes³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:Research on the coral-eating crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) has waxed and waned over the last few decades, mostly in accordance with the occurrence of population outbreaks at key locations, such as Australia's Great Barrier Reef. This review considers advances in our understanding of the biology and ecology of CoTS based on the latest resurgence of research interest, which culminated in this current special issue on the Biology, Ecology and Management of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish. More specifically, this review considers progress against 41 specific research questions posed in the seminal review by P. Moran 30 years ago, as well as exploring new directions for CoTS research. Despite the plethora of research on CoTS (> 1,200 research articles), there are persistent knowledge gaps that constrain effective management of outbreaks. Although directly addressing some of these questions will be extremely difficult, there have been considerable advances in understanding the biology of CoTS, if not the proximal and ultimate cause(s) of outbreaks. Moving forward, researchers need to embrace new technologies and opportunities to advance understanding of CoTS biology and behaviour, with focus given to key questions that will improve effectiveness of management to reduce the frequency and likelihood of future outbreaks, if not preventing them altogether.Keywords: Acanthaster; coral reefs, disturbance; management; population outbreaks; research priorities Peer-reviewed version available at Diversity 2017, 9, 41; doi:10.3390/d90400412 of 50 BackgroundCrown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS; Acanthaster spp., excluding A. brevispinus) are renowned for their capacity to devastate coral reef ecosystems . This is primarily because local densities of CoTS can increase from normally very low densities (<1 starfish.ha -1 ) to extremely high densities (>1,000 starfish.ha -1 ) during periodic population outbreaks (e.g. Chesher 1969). Moreover, CoTS are one of the largest and most efficient predators on scleractinian corals (Birkeland 1989). Whereas most other individual coral-feeding organisms (e.g., Chaetodon butterflyfishes, and Drupella snails) cause only localised injuries or tissue-loss (Cole et al. 2008;Rotjan and Lewis 2008), adult CoTS can kill entire corals, including relatively large colonies. High densities of CoTS will therefore, cause rapid and extensive coral depletion. In French Polynesia, for example, high densities of CoTS caused systematic coral loss around the entire circumference of the island of Moorea, killing >96% of coral between 2005(Kayal et al. 2012). More broadly, outbreaks of Acanthaster spp. are a major contributor to sustained declines in coral cover and degradation of coral reefs at many locations throughout the Indo west-Pacific (Osborne et al. 2011;Trapon et al. 2011;De'ath et al. 2012).While there has been considerable research, and a larger number of scientific articles (>940) focused on Acanthaster spp., extending back to the 1960s (Goreau 1964;Pearson and Endean 1969), research interest (and fundin...

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Injection of Acanthaster planci with thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS). I. Disease induction

Cited by 28 publications

References 46 publications

Injection of Acanthaster planci with thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS). II. Histopathological changes

Injection of Acanthaster planci with thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS). II. Histopathological changes

Response of <i>Acanthaster planci</i> (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) to hypersaline solution: Its potential application to population control

30 Years of Research on Crown-of-thorns Starfish (1986-2016): Scientific Advances and Emerging Opportunities

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