Injection and Monitoring at the Wallula Basalt Pilot Project

McGrail, B. Peter; Spane, F.A.; Amonette, James E.; Thompson, C.R.; Brown, C. F.

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.316

Cited by 71 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For both projects the composition, structure, and hydrology of the reservoir were studied, to assess the viability of the targeted reservoir for the injection and sequestration of CO 2 in the rock pore space (National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine, 2019). The Wallula pilot plant successfully injected 977 tons of pure CO 2 between 838 and 886 meters in depth over the course of 25 days during the summer of 2013 for the purpose of CO 2 storage (McGrail et al, 2014(McGrail et al, , 2017a.…”

Section: Carbon Mineralization In Basalts For Co 2 Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

et al. 2019

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Section: Carbon Mineralization In Basalts For Co 2 Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

et al. 2019

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“…These projects were similar in their approach to carbon isolation through CO 2 ‐water‐basalt mineralization reactions; however, field implementation in each project differed with respect to the delivery of CO 2 . In August 2013, 1,000 t of supercritical CO 2 was injected at the Wallula site (McGrail et al, ), and analysis of postinjection sidewall cores showed that carbonate mineral precipitation was widespread in the injection zone (McGrail et al, ). Moreover, the carbon isotope values of these carbonate minerals were found to be both distinct from the preinjection samples and correlated with the isotopic signature of the injected CO 2 (McGrail et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐Phase CO₂ Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

Gierzynski

Pollyea

2017

Water Resources Research

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Geologic CO2 sequestration in basalt reservoirs is predicated on permanent CO2 isolation via rapid mineralization reactions. This process is supported by a substantial body of evidence, including laboratory experiments documenting rapid mineralization rates, regional storage estimates indicating large, accessible storage reservoirs, and two successful pilot‐scale studies. Nevertheless, there remains significant uncertainty in the behavior of CO2 flow within basalt fracture networks, particularly in the context estimating physical trapping potential in early time and as CO2 undergoes phase change. In this study, a Monte Carlo numerical model is designed to simulate a supercritical CO2 plume infiltrating a low‐permeability flood basalt entablature. The fracture network model is based on outcrop‐scale LiDAR mapping of Columbia River Basalt, and CO2 flow is simulated within fifty equally probable realizations of the fracture network. The spatial distribution of fracture permeability for each realization is randomly drawn from a basalt aperture distribution, and ensemble results are analyzed with e‐type estimates to compute mean and standard deviation of fluid pressure and CO2 saturation. Results of this model after 10 years of simulation suggest that (1) CO2 flow converges on a single dominant flow path, (2) CO2 accumulates at fracture intersections, and (3) variability in permeability can account for a 1.6 m depth interval within which free CO2 may change phase from supercritical fluid to subcritical liquid or gas. In the context of CO2 sequestration in basalt, these results suggest that physical CO2 trapping may be substantially enhanced as carbonate minerals precipitate within the basalt fracture network.

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“…Currently, two CCSM approaches are being considered: (i) in situ -whereby the CO 2 is injected underground into a suitable host-rock where it reacts to form carbonate [Kelemen and Matter, 2008;Kelemen et al, 2011;Matter and Kelemen, 2009;McGrail et al, 2014;McGrail et al, 2006;Schaef et al, 2011]; and (ii) ex situ, which involves carbonation of feedstock materials above-ground in a specifically designed CCSM plant [Fagerlund et al, 2009;Lackner et al, 1997;Larachi et al, 2012;Park and Fan, 2004;Sanna et al, 2014;Sanna et al, 2013;Wang and Maroto-Valer, 2011a;b;Werner et al, 2013]. Both host-rock for injection and feedstock materials must be widely available and contain large proportions of easily-extractable cations (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-dissolution of antigorite, chrysotile and lizardite for ex situ carbon capture and storage by mineralisation

et al. 2016

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Serpentine minerals serve as a Mg donor in carbon capture and storage by mineralisation (CCSM).The acid-treatment of nine comprehensively-examined serpentine polymorphs and polytypes, and the subsequent microanalysis of their post-test residues highlighted several aspects of great importance to the choice of the optimal feed material for CCSM. Compelling evidence for the nonuniformity of serpentine mineral performance was revealed, and the following order of increasing Mg extraction efficiency after three hours of acid-leaching was established: Al-bearing polygonal serpentine (<5%) ≤ Al-bearing lizardite 1T (≈5%) < antigorite (24-29%) < well-ordered lizardite 2H 1 (≈65%) ≤ Al-poor lizardite 1T (≈68%) < chrysotile (≈70%) < poorly-ordered lizardite 2H 1 (≈80%) < nanotubular chrysotile (≈85%).It was recognised that the Mg extraction efficiency of the minerals depended greatly on the intrinsic properties of crystal structure, chemistry and rock microtexture. On this basis, antigorite and Albearing well-ordered lizardite were rejected as potential feedstock material whereas any chrysotile, non-aluminous, widely spaced lizardite and/or disordered serpentine were recommended.The formation of peripheral siliceous layers, tens of microns thick, was not universal and depended greatly upon the intrinsic microtexture of the leached particles. This study provides the first comprehensive investigation of nine, carefully-selected serpentine minerals, covering most varieties and polytypes, under the same experimental conditions. We focused on material characterisation and the identification of the intrinsic properties of the minerals that affect particle's reactivity. It can therefore serve as a generic basis for any acid-based CCSM pre-treatment.

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Injection and Monitoring at the Wallula Basalt Pilot Project

Cited by 71 publications

References 17 publications

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

Three‐Phase CO₂ Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

Acid-dissolution of antigorite, chrysotile and lizardite for ex situ carbon capture and storage by mineralisation

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Injection and Monitoring at the Wallula Basalt Pilot Project

Cited by 71 publications

References 17 publications

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

Three‐Phase CO2 Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

Acid-dissolution of antigorite, chrysotile and lizardite for ex situ carbon capture and storage by mineralisation

Contact Info

Product

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Three‐Phase CO₂ Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network