Inititation and termination of chromosome replication in Escherichia coli subjected to amino acid starvation

Marsh, Robert C.; Hepburn, Michael

doi:10.1128/jb.142.1.236-242.1980

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Our results indicated that the recovery time necessary for stimulation may vary among Hfr strains and suggested that strains with F inserted near oriC may in general require a shorter time for stimulation than do strains with F inserted farther away. Any a The results were normalized by assigning the ratio of oriC and F versus the his signals a value of 1.00 for DNA from amino acid-starved cells, in which all chromosomal segments should be present in equal abundance (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host DNA replication forks are not preferred targets for bacteriophage Mu transposition

Nakai¹,

Taylor²

1985

J Bacteriol

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Bacteriophage Mu DNA integration in Escherichia coli strains infected after alignment of chromosomal replication was analyzed by a sandwich hybridization assay. The results indicated that Mu integrated into chromosomal segments at various distances from oriC with similar kinetics. In an extension of these studies, various Hfr strains were infected after alignment of chromosomal replication, and Mu transposition was shut down early after infection. The positions of integrated Mu copies were inferred from the transfer kinetics of Mu to an F-strain. Our analysis indicated that the location of Mu DNA in the host chromosome was not dependent on the positions of host replication forks at the time of infection. However, the procedure for aligning chromosomal replication affected DNA transfer by various Hfr strains differently, and this effect could account for prior results suggesting preferential integration of Mu at host replication forks. Bacteriophage Mu has been extensively studied in an effort to elucidate the molecular mechanism of transposition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host DNA replication forks are not preferred targets for bacteriophage Mu transposition

Nakai¹,

Taylor²

1985

J Bacteriol

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“…Subsequently, Zaritsky and colleagues investigated other consequences of thymine limitation, including effects on cell size, cell shape, replication initiation and so on [38,[218][219][220][221][222][223][224]. Thymine limitation became an important method for unraveling the connections between DNA synthesis and other aspects of bacterial cell physiology [225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237]. Beyond thymine deficiency, a number of mutant strains were used to study the coordination between growth, cell cycle and cell size of bacteria (see, for example, [238][239][240][241][242][243][244][245]).…”

Section: Thymine Deficient Mutants and Antibiotics: Perturbationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental principles in bacterial physiology—history, recent progress, and the future with focus on cell size control: a review

et al. 2018

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Bacterial physiology is a branch of biology that aims to understand overarching principles of cellular reproduction. Many important issues in bacterial physiology are inherently quantitative, and major contributors to the field have often brought together tools and ways of thinking from multiple disciplines. This article presents a comprehensive overview of major ideas and approaches developed since the early 20th century for anyone who is interested in the fundamental problems in bacterial physiology. This article is divided into two parts. In the first part (sections 1-3), we review the first 'golden era' of bacterial physiology from the 1940s to early 1970s and provide a complete list of major references from that period. In the second part (sections 4-7), we explain how the pioneering work from the first golden era has influenced various rediscoveries of general quantitative principles and significant further development in modern bacterial physiology. Specifically, section 4 presents the history and current progress of the 'adder' principle of cell size homeostasis. Section 5 discusses the implications of coarse-graining the cellular protein composition, and how the coarse-grained proteome 'sectors' re-balance under different growth conditions. Section 6 focuses on physiological invariants, and explains how they are the key to understanding the coordination between growth and the cell cycle underlying cell size control in steady-state growth. Section 7 overviews how the temporal organization of all the internal processes enables balanced growth. In the final section 8, we conclude by discussing the remaining challenges for the future in the field.

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“…Paradoxically, E. coli primase activity is also directly inhibited by (p)ppGpp in vitro (Maciag et al ., ; Rymer et al ., ), although decades of classical and modern experiments have not revealed any inhibitory effect of amino acid starvation on E. coli replication elongation (Billen and Hewitt, ; Lark and Lark, ; Marsh and Hepburn, ; Levine et al ., ; Ferullo and Lovett, ; Tehranchi et al ., ). This disparity between in vitro and in vivo results suggests that either (p)ppGpp also inhibits replication elongation in E. coli , as recently hypothesized (Maciag et al ., ), or that replication elongation control by (p)ppGpp is not mediated by primase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose‐dependent reduction of replication elongation rate by (p)ppGpp in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis

DeNapoli

Tehranchi

Wang

2013

Molecular Microbiology

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DNA replication is regulated in response to environmental constraints such as nutrient availability. While much is known about regulation of replication during initiation, little is known about regulation of replication during elongation. In the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, replication elongation is paused upon sudden amino acid starvation by the starvation-inducible nucleotide (p)ppGpp. However, in many bacteria including Escherichia coli, replication elongation is thought to be unregulated by nutritional availability. Here we reveal that the replication elongation rate in E. coli is modestly but significantly reduced upon strong amino acid starvation. This reduction requires (p)ppGpp and is exacerbated in a gppA mutant with increased pppGpp levels. Importantly, high levels of (p)ppGpp, independent of amino acid starvation, are sufficient to inhibit replication elongation even in the absence of transcription. Finally, in both E. coli and B. subtilis, (p)ppGpp inhibits replication elongation in a dose-dependent manner rather than via a switch-like mechanism, although this inhibition is much stronger in B. subtilis. This supports a model where replication elongation rates are regulated by (p)ppGpp to allow rapid and tunable response to multiple abrupt stresses in evolutionarily diverse bacteria.

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Inititation and termination of chromosome replication in Escherichia coli subjected to amino acid starvation

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Host DNA replication forks are not preferred targets for bacteriophage Mu transposition

Host DNA replication forks are not preferred targets for bacteriophage Mu transposition

Fundamental principles in bacterial physiology—history, recent progress, and the future with focus on cell size control: a review

Dose‐dependent reduction of replication elongation rate by (p)ppGpp in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis

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