Initiation of Procambial Strands in Leaf Primordia of Bread Wheat, Triticum aestivum L

Sharman, B. C.; Hitch, P. Ann

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a084135

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…A região de conexão vascular entre feixes dos perfilhos e do CP pode ser vista através das figuras 1, 6, 7, 8 e 9. No entanto, os feixes vasculares de folhas de gramíneas podem se desenvolver abaixo de seus respectivos nós de origens (Sharman & Hitch 1967, Hitch & Sharman 1968b, Hitch & Sharman 1971) e os feixes das gemas axilares também conectam-se com feixes de folhas abaixo delas (Hitch & Sharman 1968a, Hitch & Sharman 1971, ao contrário do que interpretaram Fletcher & Dale (1974) e McCall (1934.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Sistema vascular e controle do desenvolvimento de perfilhos em cereais de estação fria

Alves¹,

Mundstock²,

Medeiros³

2000

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Vascular system and tiller bud development control in small-grain cereals). The reasons for tiller absence and/or low survival were studied by analyzing vascular connections between the tiller and other plant parts. Experiments were conducted on open air and growth chamber conditions with wheat genotypes, IPF-49865 (uniculm), EMBRAPA-16 and BR-23 (multiculm); oats, UFRGS-10 and UFRGS-15; and barley, FM-519. Analyses were made on main culm and primary tiller foliar development, number of primary and secondary tillers and vascularization and tiller vascular connection with the rest of the plants. Vascular connections did not explain tillering inhibition, since all tillers were vascularly connected to the plant.RESUMO -(Sistema vascular e controle do desenvolvimento de perfilhos em cereais de estação fria). As causas da ausência e/ou baixa sobrevivência dos perfilhos foram estudadas pela conexão vascular entre os perfilhos e o resto da planta. Foram conduzidos ensaios em telado e câmara de crescimento com genótipos de trigo, IPF-49865 (unicolmo), EMBRAPA-16 e BR-23 (multicolmo), de aveia, UFRGS-10 e UFRGS-15 e de cevada, FM-519. Avaliaram-se o desenvolvimento foliar do colmo principal e dos perfilhos primários, o número de perfilhos primários e secundários, o número de perfilhos férteis e a vascularização e conexão vascular dos perfilhos com o resto da planta. A conexão vascular poderia explicar a inibição dos perfilhos, pois todos estavam conectados vascularmente com o resto da planta.Key words -Tiller bud, Triticum aestivum L., Avena sativa L., Hordeum vulgare L. IntroduçãoOs cereais de estação fria cultivados no Brasil como trigo, aveia, cevada e centeio desenvolvem muitos perfilhos mas esses, na maioria das vezes não são férteis. Dessa maneira, o potencial de perfilhamento dessas espécies não está sendo expresso em rendimento de grãos. Por isso, tornam-se necessários estudos que revelem quais os mecanismos que controlam o desenvolvimento de gemas axilares em gramíneas para, futuramente, manejar geneticamente esse caráter e melhorar o rendimento de grãos dos cereais de estação fria.A conexão vascular entre o eixo principal da planta e os brotos laterais é um aspecto importante para o crescimento destes, considerando que o transporte de material orgânico e inorgânico dentro da planta é realizado pelos tecidos vasculares. Segundo McCall (1934) interrupções nas conexões vasculares entre o eixo principal de plantas de trigo e as gemas poderiam estar inibindo o desenvolvimento de gemas laterais.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Sistema vascular e controle do desenvolvimento de perfilhos em cereais de estação fria

Alves¹,

Mundstock²,

Medeiros³

2000

Rev. bras. Bot.

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“…This ontogenetic sequence has been described in numerous monocot species, with particularly detailed descriptions available for the grasses maize (Sharman, 1942;Esau, 1943;Kumazawa, 1961;Bosabalidis et al, 1994), wheat (Sharman and Hitch, 1967;Blackman, 1971 ;Patrick, 1972), barley (Klauss, 1966;Dannenhoffer and Evert, 1994), rice (Kaufman, 1959;Inosaka, 1962), and Arundinella (Dengler et al, 1997). In leaves with close vein spacing, such as in those of the C4 grasses, a second wave of basipetally differentiating provascular strands forms the small (minor) intermediate veins.…”

Section: Monocot Ontogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Vascular Pattern Formation.

1997

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INTRODUCTIONThe pattern and ontogeny of leaf venation appear to guide or limit many aspects of leaf cell differentiation and function. Photosynthetic, supportive, stomatal, and other specialized cell types differentiate in positions showing a spatial relationship to the vascular system. These spatial relationships are of obvious importance to leaf function, which relies on venation for the servicing of cells engaged in photosynthesis, gas exchange, and other leaf processes.Although the need for coordinated organization of cell types around the vascular system is clear, the means by which this is achieved during development is not well understood. In the few systems in which it has been possible to follow the ontogeny of the venation along with the differentiation and function of surrounding cell types (e.g., in C4 grasses), observations suggest that the developing vascular system may have a role in providing positional landmarks that guide the differentiation of other cell types. Another possible explanation is that an underlying pattern guides the differentiation of both venation and surrounding cells.Whether the process of vascularization creates or reveals a pattern, studies to date are largely descriptive, and little is understood of the underlying mechanisms. These mechanisms must be highly regulated, as evidenced by the successful use of species-specific leaf vascular pattern as a taxonomic characteristic (e.g., Klucking, 1992) and by the predictable effect of certain mutations. In this review, we summarize the vascular patterns and their ontogenies in dicots and monocots, referring extensively but not exclusively to Arabidopsis and maize as examples. We also discuss a variety of models that seek to explain vascular pattern formation, and we provide a summary of molecular and genetic investigations of the process. VASCULAR PAlTERN IN MATURE LEAVES DicotsThe relatively small simple leaves of Arabidopsis illustrate many of the characteristic features of leaf venation found in

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“…Phloem differentiation is acropetal, and primordia high on the apex develop vascular connections at early stages. In wheat, on the other hand, where phloem differentiation is basipetal, the apex and the first four leaf primordia are supplied by diffusion and have no direct vascular connection with the rest of the plant (Sharman and Hitch 1967).…”

Section: (D) Oell Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus one general pattern of leaf growth seems unlikely, but in view of the correlations discussed above between vascular differentiation and changes in the relative growth rates, the different modes of vascular differentiation -acropetal in tobacco (Esau 1938) and basipetal in wheat (Sharman and Hitch 1967) -may well result in different potentials for growth in and around the two shoot apices.…”

Section: (D) Oell Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Growth and Development in the Young Tobacco Plant

Hannam¹

1968

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryThe growth of the vegetative shoot of tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L., and the associated changes in dry weight of the whole plant and its major parts are described. By means of serial reconstruction, the volume changes of successive young leaf primordia are followed, and this information is integrated with the dry weight data for older leaves.Initially the relative growth rates of the primordia are very high (about 1· 6 per day), but fall rapidly for 2 or 3 days to about 1·1 per day. At this level growth is exponential for a few days. The relative growth rate starts to fall again before leaf emergence, and then falls asymptotically to zero during leaf expansion.Correlations are noted between major changes in relative growth rate and vascular differentiation in the primordium. The eighth leaf is described in detail in terms of increase in cell number in both lamina and vein tissue. At first the primordium consists only of vein-like tissue; the lamina is initiated after 2 or 3 days, and its relative growth rate is higher than that of the veins for a considerable time. The proportion of cells in the vein tissue at leaf emergence is greater at higher leaf positions.The pattern of leaf growth is contrasted with that for the wheat leaf, and it is suggested that the two patterns may be dependent on different modes of vascular differentiation in the shoots.

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Initiation of Procambial Strands in Leaf Primordia of Bread Wheat, Triticum aestivum L

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Sistema vascular e controle do desenvolvimento de perfilhos em cereais de estação fria

Sistema vascular e controle do desenvolvimento de perfilhos em cereais de estação fria

Leaf Vascular Pattern Formation.

Leaf Growth and Development in the Young Tobacco Plant

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