Initiation of Isoniazid Prophylactic Therapy among Newly Diagnosed HIV-Positive Persons in Three High HIV-Burden Districts of South Africa

Rate of tuberculosis screening and isoniazid prophylaxis treatment among human immunodeficiency virus patients in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area: A retrospective study

“…Guideline for TB preventive therapy in several regions recommends the screening of TB among PLWH during each clinical visit (Fomundam et al, 2020). Utilising ACF has been identified as an effective strategy in enhancing TB control activities (Kempker et al, 2021), while Igbokwe et al (2020) reported that ACF is very necessary because the risk of progressing from latent to active TB is greater in PLWH than among those without HIV infection.…”

“…The use of IPT has been identified as an effective public health intervention for the prevention of active TB infections among PLWH (Fomundam et al, 2020), while WHO in 2008 recommended the intervention of IPT as a mainstay to reduce incident TB in PLWH in high TB burden countries (WHO, 2008). According to the report of this study, 38.7% of the HIV/TB co-infected patients were placed on INH prophylaxis.…”

“…This result is lower than that of Igbokwe et al (2020) who reported that 98.8% and 80% of PLWH had their TB screening and diagnostic evaluation done and documented at the last visit to the clinic. Pasipamire et al (2016) also reported that 92.8% of the cases were screened and 54% had their diagnostic evaluation done, while Denegetu and Dolamo (2014), Owiti et al (2019) and Fomundam et al (2020) also reported that 97.0%, 83.5% and 94% of PLWH were screened for TB. On the other hand, the result from the study of Galeto et al (2017) revealed a lower screening rate of 75.2% among PLWH in Harari, Eastern Ethiopia.…”

“…The use of IPT has been identified as an effective public health intervention for the prevention of active TB infections among PLWH (Fomundam et al, 2020) in Zambia and Ethiopia respectively. The differences between the findings in these studies could be linked to the result of the integration of TB programs into the HIV programs in some of the settings or the lack of it, as well as disparities in the study design and sampling techniques.…”

“…Also, among the patients that had the diagnostic evaluation done, 60 (28.4%) were discovered to be positive for TB while 151 (71.6%) had negative TB evaluation. Guideline for TB preventive therapy in several regions recommends the screening of TB among PLWH during each clinical visit (Fomundam et al, 2020). Utilising ACF has been identified as an effective strategy in enhancing TB control activities (Kempker et al, 2021), while Igbokwe et al…”