Initiation of Flowering in Protea compacta × Protea neriifolia Hybrid ‘Carnival’ Coincides with Expression of the FLOWERING LOCUS T Homologue

Smart, Mariette; Roden, Laura C.

doi:10.1007/s11105-013-0657-1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Maudiae plants need about three years to flower from in vitro seedlings, so there is hope that plants transformed with the FT gene may flower precociously. This is because the biological function of FT is a putative phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein gene, as was shown in Cymbidium , that may regulate the vegetative to reproductive transition in flowers and act similarly to AtFT by regulating the transition from vegetative state to flowering by activating AtAP1 [ 60 , 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovule Development and in Planta Transformation of Paphiopedilum Maudiae by Agrobacterium-Mediated Ovary-Injection

Luo

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2020

IJMS

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In this paper, the development of the Paphiopedilum Maudiae embryo sac at different developmental stages after pollination was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The mature seeds of P. Maudiae consisted of an exopleura and a spherical embryo, but without an endosperm, while the inner integument cells were absorbed by the developing embryo. The P. Maudiae embryo sac exhibited an Allium type of development. The time taken for the embryo to develop to a mature sac was 45-50 days after pollination (DAP) and most mature embryo sacs had completed fertilization and formed zygotes by about 50–54 DAP. In planta transformation was achieved by injection of the ovaries by Agrobacterium, resulting in 38 protocorms or seedlings after several rounds of hygromycin selection, corresponding to 2, 7, 5, 1, 3, 4, 9, and 7 plantlets from Agrobacterium-mediated ovary-injection at 30, 35, 42, 43, 45, 48, 50, and 53 DAP, respectively. Transformation efficiency was highest at 50 DAP (2.54%), followed by 2.48% at 53 DAP and 2.45% at 48 DAP. Four randomly selected hygromycin-resistant plants were GUS-positive after PCR analysis. Semi-quantitative PCR and quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed the expression of the hpt gene in the leaves of eight hygromycin-resistant seedlings following Agrobacterium-mediated ovary-injection at 30, 35, 42, 43, 45, 48, 50, and 53 DAP, while hpt expression was not detected in the control. The best time to inject P. Maudiae ovaries in planta with Agrobacterium is 48-53 DAP, which corresponds to the period of fertilization. This protocol represents the first genetic transformation protocol for any Paphiopedilum species and will allow for expanded molecular breeding programs to introduce useful and interesting genes that can expand its ornamental and horticulturally important characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%