Initiation of blood coagulation by glass and related surfaces

Abstract

In spite of the rapid advances in our knowledge of the physiology of blood coagulation, the reason why blood remains fluid in the body and yet clots rapidly in vitro remains obscure. It is taken for granted that the initial stimulus is the exposure to a 'foreign surface', but what this 'foreigness' is and how it acts are still matters of controversy.

The Effect of Colloidal Silica on Blood Coagulation

“…When the clotting time is plotted against the concentration of powdered silica on a log/log scale a linear relation is obtained within ll wide range of values (Margolis, 1957). This may be used as a basis for quantitative comparisons.…”

“…The surface of silica is very active in the initiation of blood coagulation and of certain other related changes (Margolis, 1957(Margolis, , 1958a(Margolis, , 1959a). Although we have now a fairly coherent picture of these reactions in biological terms (Hardisty and Margohs, 1959;Margolis, 1959aMargolis, , 1960a very little is known about their physical aspects.…”

The mode of action of Hageman factor in the release of plasma kinin

“…'Intact' citrated human plasma and plasma derivatives were prepared by methods discussed in detail elsewhere (Margolis, 1957(Margolis, , 1958a.…”

“…Hageman factor (HF) is not merely a hypothetical component whose presence is postulated to explain the steps of kimnin formation, but is independently defined as the factor missing in a congenital coagulation abnormality known as the Hageman trait. Further, it is known that HF forms the connecting link between the changes involved in kinin release and those leading to blood coagulation and the formation of a permeability factor (Margolis, 1957(Margolis, , 1958a(Margolis, , 1959Biggs, Sharp, Margolis, Hardisty, Stewart & Davidson, 1958;Hardisty & Margolis, 1959).…”

Studies on the Action of Hageman Factor: Evidence That Activated Hageman Factor in Turn Activates Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent*

“…The inhibition of activated Hagentan factor and "activated" plasma thromboplastin antecedent by plasma. The clot-promoting activity which appears when normal plasma is exposed to glass gradually deteriorates (30). This decrease in activity has been attributed to the presence of an inhibitory substance that may have enzymatic properties (2).…”