Initial soil formation in an agriculturally reclaimed open-cast mining area - the role of management and loess parent material

Pihlap, Evelin; Vuko, Miljenka; Lucas, Maik; Steffens, Markus; Schloter, Michael; Vetterlein, Doris; Endenich, Manuel; Kögel‐Knabner, Ingrid

doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.03.023

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Biological activation of soil in the initial phase is following the cultivation of alfalfa and is reflected in the increasing exopolysaccharide concentrations, and bacterial, as well as fungal abundance, as was shown in a previous study on the same reclamation site (Pihlap et al, 2019). Prior to the alfalfa growth (RA0), exopolysaccharide concentrations were comparable to other sites with scarce vegetation, such as bare fallow land (Redmile-Gordon et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Interestingly, Pihlap et al () did not observe significant differences in aggregate sizes in the sites of the same chronosequence due to the cementing effect of high carbonate contents. However, seven out of ten genes that have been analysed here had highest relative abundances at RA6, and all of them, with the exception of wza , declined during later reclamation stages (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This is in accordance with other studies showing a stable community under long‐term treatments (at least on the DNA level) (de Vries et al , ; Cania et al , ). Moreover, soil organic carbon concentrations peaked at RA6 and decreased at RA12 and RA24 (Pihlap et al , ), likely because organic fertilizers were applied only in the 4th and 7th year of the reclamation process. Therefore, the peak in exopolysaccharide concentration at RA24 underlines the importance of soil bacteria, through exopolysaccharide accumulation, for the improvement of soil quality and structure stabilization during the reclamation in long term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure S1 Section of the Garzweiler open-pit mine (crossed out) and studied reclamation areas, modified from Pihlap et al (2019). Figure S2 Protein fraction of the extracellular substance calculated as equivalent of bovine serum albumin used as the standard, per gram of dry soil.…”

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shifts in reclamation management strategies shape the role of exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide‐producing bacteria during soil formation

Vuko

Cania

Vogel

et al. 2020

Microbial Biotechnology

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Summary Polymeric substances produced by microbes play a key role for the development of soil aggregates. Here, we investigated the dynamics of bacterial families contributing to the formation of exopolysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides, major constituents of polymeric substances, at a managed land reclamation site of a post‐mining area. We collected soil samples from the initial and the agricultural management phase and expected a peak in the abundance of bacteria capable for exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide production at the points of the biggest disturbances. We used shotgun metagenomic sequencing in combination with measurements of exopolysaccharide concentrations. Our results underline the importance of exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide‐producing bacteria after nutrient input combined with structural disturbance events, caused here by the initial planting of alfalfa and the introduction of a tillage regime together with organic fertilization in the agricultural management phase. Moreover, the changes in management caused a shift in the exopolysaccharide/lipopolysaccharide‐producing community. The initial phase was dominated by typical colonizers of oligotrophic environments, specifically nitrogen fixers (Rhizobiaceae, Comamonadaceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae), while bacteria common in agricultural soils, such as Sphingomonadaceae, Oxalobacteraceae and Nitrospiraceae, prevailed in the agricultural management phase.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shifts in reclamation management strategies shape the role of exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide‐producing bacteria during soil formation

Vuko

Cania

Vogel

et al. 2020

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…Organic matter can improve bulk density of the technosols, its aeration and water retention/infiltration (Sanborn et al, 2004), aggregation and structure (Larney & Angers, 2012). In loess used for reclamation CaCO 3 as cementing agent dominates soil aggregation (Pihlap et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporal dynamics of readily available soil moisture for plants in the technosols of the Nikopol Manganese Ore Basin

et al. 2019

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The restoration of a stable and productive ecosystem after drastic disturbances to the natural environment due to mining and open-cast mining may be achieved by means of reclamation. Investigation of the hydrological budget of technosols is important task in developing adequate approaches to reclamation. Sod lithogenic soils on red-brown clay, on grey-green clay were chosen as the objects of the investigation. The simulation of moisture content in Nikopol Manganese Ore Basin technosols was performed using the Penman-Monteith approach and evaluated the role of the dependence of soils’ surface albedo on the humidity in the intensity of evapotranspiration. The research was conducted during 2013–2015 at the station for research on reclaimed land within the Nikopol Manganese Ore Basin (city Pokrov, Ukraine). The experimental area for the study of optimal modes of agricultural reclamation was created in 1968–1970. Precipitation in the investigated area was found to fall very unevenly in time. In 2013, the duration of the rainless period was 259 days, in 2014 – 264 days, in 2015 – 261 days. The maximum daily rainfall varies within 18–49 mm. There are significant interannual differences in the intensity of rainfall. The minimum total annual precipitation in 2014 was due to a decrease in atypical rainfall in late winter and early winter. The maximum annual rainfall in 2015 was caused by intense rainfall both in the spring and in mid-summer and late autumn. The average annual temperature was 11.1 ºC and the annual totals did not statistically significantly vary within the study period. The average wind speed and average atmospheric humidity are statistically significantly different from year to year. The technosols’ colour properties and surface albedo varied depending on the moisture content. There is a linear relationship between the moisture content in the soil and albedo of the soil surface. The evaluation of readily available water content was carried out based on the Penman-Monteith model taking into account meteorological data, the water-physical properties of the technosols and the dependence of soil surface albedo on soil humidity. The distribution of this index for different teсhnosols is characterized by a high level of similarity of shape due to the fact that the overall climate factors are crucial in shaping the dynamics of moisture. A complex mixture of normal distributions is the best model for representing the experimental data. The readily available water content distribution can best be represented as a mixture of two normal distributions. The relatively high moisture level is characterized for winter and spring periods. Water content in sod-lithogenic soils on red-brown clay over the period of research never reached the value of the permanent wilting point. In 2013, the period when the moisture content was less than the value of the permanent wilting point lasted 23 days, and in 2014 this period lasted 39 days. Thus, you can always expect the phenomenon of drought under typical climatic conditions for the technosols on grey-green clay. It was found that monitoring water supplies before the start of the growing season can provide valuable information necessary for the selection of crops for cultivation in the current year. The results indicate the urgency of measures to save the winter rainfall on the fields.

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Perspectives from the Fritz‐Scheffer Awardee 2020—The mutual interactions between roots and soil structure and how these affect rhizosphere processes^#

Lucas

2021

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Roots growing into soil interact with soil structure in numerous ways. They can grow into the soil matrix and leave elongated macropores after decomposition, that is, biopores. Conversely, the soil may already have a large and connected macropore system through which the roots can expand, and thus reach deeper soil layers. Both, the formation of new biopores or the reuse and occupation of existing macropore systems are expected to affect major soil processes like water and gas flow through the soil profile, as well as water flow toward the root. Despite the increasing research interest in the limitation of root growth by soil structure, as well as the modification of soil structure by roots, the mutual interactions between the two are largely overlooked. This study highlights new methodological developments which enable describing interactions between roots and soil structure with X‐ray computed microtomography. It further shows how roots affect the pore system and can create a massive biopore system in less than a decade. After this, it is evaluated how the mutual interaction of roots and structure determines the physical properties of the rhizosphere. It is outlined that this has implications for major rhizosphere processes. Thus, it is emphasized, that the role of structure needs to be considered in future experiments with plants, in particular if extrapolation of results from laboratory experiment with sieved, homogenized substrates to field conditions with well‐established soil structure is intended. Lastly, in this study, research gaps are outlined remaining in respect to the dynamics of biopore creation and destruction and their consequences for processes in rhizospheres like carbon storage. These reveal the need for novel research approaches that consider the mutual interactions of root growth and soil structure.

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Initial soil formation in an agriculturally reclaimed open-cast mining area - the role of management and loess parent material

Cited by 35 publications

References 65 publications

Shifts in reclamation management strategies shape the role of exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide‐producing bacteria during soil formation

Shifts in reclamation management strategies shape the role of exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide‐producing bacteria during soil formation

The temporal dynamics of readily available soil moisture for plants in the technosols of the Nikopol Manganese Ore Basin

Perspectives from the Fritz‐Scheffer Awardee 2020—The mutual interactions between roots and soil structure and how these affect rhizosphere processes^#

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Initial soil formation in an agriculturally reclaimed open-cast mining area - the role of management and loess parent material

Cited by 35 publications

References 65 publications

Shifts in reclamation management strategies shape the role of exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide‐producing bacteria during soil formation

Shifts in reclamation management strategies shape the role of exopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide‐producing bacteria during soil formation

The temporal dynamics of readily available soil moisture for plants in the technosols of the Nikopol Manganese Ore Basin

Perspectives from the Fritz‐Scheffer Awardee 2020—The mutual interactions between roots and soil structure and how these affect rhizosphere processes#

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Product

Resources

About

Perspectives from the Fritz‐Scheffer Awardee 2020—The mutual interactions between roots and soil structure and how these affect rhizosphere processes^#