Initial Phase of a Large Atmospheric Plasmoid Generated Above a Water Surface

Fantz, U.; Briefi, S.; Friedl, R.; Kammerloher, M.; Kolbinger, Johannes; Oswald, A.

doi:10.1109/tps.2014.2310128

Cited by 11 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Электродные процессы в этих разрядах отличаются, поэтому не стоит ожидать, что свойства этих двух плазмоидов (далееплазмоиды типа A и B соответственно) будут полностью совпадать. Полярность типа A применяли в работах [5][6][7][8][9][18][19][20][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], в работах [35][36][37][38] применяли полярность типа B.…”

Section: установка для получения и исследования плазмоидаunclassified

“…Рассмотрим этот вопрос, исходя из видеосъемок плазмоида и измерений его электрических свойств. Детальные фото плазмоида и пояснения к ним были опубликованы ранее [30,32]. Рис.…”

Section: о механизме образования электрического заряда в плазмоидеunclassified

“…По мере увеличения высоты плазменной струи стримеры и плазмоид также поднимаются. В работе [30] говорится, что синий цвет стримеров обусловлен излучением кальция (линия Ca I при 420 nm). Излучение плазменной струи определяется, в частности, H-aльфа и радикалами OH, а желтый цвет на холодной границе плазмоида происходит от линий натрия (там же).…”

Section: о механизме образования электрического заряда в плазмоидеunclassified

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Исследование Величины И Механизма Образования Заряда Атмосферного Плазмоида

Степанов¹

2023

Журнал Технической Физики

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Продолжено исследование долгоживущего автономного атмосферного плазмоида (Гатчинский плазмоид). Электрический заряд плазмоида обнаружен нами ранее с помощью плазменного зонда. Здесь измерительная аппаратура была усовершенствована, что позволило учесть влияние тока смещения. Измеренный заряд отрицательного плазмоида составлял около -35 nC. Установлено, что плазмоид получает заряд во время протекания тока разряда. После выключения тока заряд не стекает на электроды, предположительно из-за быстрого уменьшения концентрации заряженных частиц и уменьшения проводимости плазмы между плазмоидом и электродами. Показано, что электрический заряд является свойством плазмоида, как это ранее и полагали в отношении шаровой молнии. Ключевые слова: атмосферный плазмоид, высоковольтный разряд, плазменный зонд, шаровая молния, электрический заряд.

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Section: установка для получения и исследования плазмоидаunclassified

Section: о механизме образования электрического заряда в плазмоидеunclassified

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Исследование Величины И Механизма Образования Заряда Атмосферного Плазмоида

Степанов¹

2023

Журнал Технической Физики

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“…Typically, wide shot recordings of the entire plasmoid evolution are taken with 600 fps, while special close-up recordings focusing on the early behavior at the central electrode are taken with 1200 fps (see figure 2). Furthermore, the camera can be applied to take high resolution photos as shown in [13] for instance. For some of the measurements also a GoPro Hero 4 Black Edition is used from above the setup (camera 2).…”

Section: General Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, spatio-temporal investigations can give valuable insight into the occurring plasma processes. Typically, spectrometers are used with one line of sight (LOS) [5,7,10,13] which have a time resolution between 50 and 100 ms. For the highly dynamic system of the atmospheric plasmoid, higher temporal resolution together with several LOS at the same time would, however, be highly desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal structure and emission of a large plasmoid in atmosphere

Friedl¹,

Fantz²,

Pilottek³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Atmospheric plasmoids with 20–30 cm diameter are generated via a high-voltage discharge above a water surface. They ascend in the ambient air and exist autonomously for several hundreds of milliseconds. The plasma processes leading to an emission of visible light for more than 350 ms after detachment from the energy supply are still unknown. Visual and spectroscopic high-speed diagnostics with spatial resolution are thus applied. It is shown for the first time that the free-floating body turns to a torus ring to the end of its lifetime, which ascends in air up to more than 1.5 m and radiates longer than 1.5 s in the infrared spectral range, only limited by the structural circumstances in the laboratory. Vortex formation is thus endorsed as being responsible for the structural integrity of the plasma during the autonomous phase. Emission in the optical spectral range (UV-NIR) is limited to the first 500 ms and is governed by radiation from the tap water contents without the influx of ambient air into the plasma. The OH A-X transition is the most intense emission during the entire visible evolution of the plasmoid. Atomic hydrogen emission is observed only during the first 100 ms close to the central electrode (CE) and is highly dynamic, while emission from dissolved salts is detected during the later evolution but is mostly overlaid by a continuum radiation, which is clearly non-thermal. Using the omnipresent OH emission, the optical emission profile of the main plasmoid is shown to be broad in the center and is rotationally symmetric. The radiated energy from the OH radical integrated over the entire plasmoid evolution is less than 100 J, which is about 3% of the total energy dissipated into the plasma. Emission from dissolved sodium is used to track the plasma channel, which connects the main plasmoid to the CE, during its ascension after energy shut-down giving a fourfold ascension velocity compared to the main plasmoid.

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Microwave diagnostics of pulsed atmospheric discharge with electrolytic electrode and long‐lived luminous formation in its afterglow

Zhao,

Lyu,

Astafiev

et al. 2023

High Voltage

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The Gatchina discharge phenomenon holds significant promise as a laboratory model for simulating ball lightning. However, crucial aspects concerning the plasma components of the resulting afterglow remain unresolved. Notably, the measurement of the electron density, a critical parameter, has not been fully achieved thus far. In this study, microwave diagnostics and video recording were employed during a pulsed Gatchina discharge, along with synchronous measurement of discharge current and voltage. Distinct antennas were positioned at different heights to enable separate diagnosis of the discharge and the ensuing long‐lived afterglow. The findings revealed that during the active phase of the Gatchina discharge, the plasma density was substantial enough to cause reflection of an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 20 GHz from this highly conductive object. In the afterglow, the signal experienced only a moderate weakening of 10–20 percent, facilitating the determination of the time dependence of average electron density during the afterglow's passage between the two antennas. These measurements verified the unusually slow plasma decay in the afterglow of the Gatchina discharge, suggesting the potential significance of chemi‐ionisation processes involving long‐lived (metastable) particles.

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Initial Phase of a Large Atmospheric Plasmoid Generated Above a Water Surface

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Исследование Величины И Механизма Образования Заряда Атмосферного Плазмоида

Исследование Величины И Механизма Образования Заряда Атмосферного Плазмоида

Spatio-temporal structure and emission of a large plasmoid in atmosphere

Microwave diagnostics of pulsed atmospheric discharge with electrolytic electrode and long‐lived luminous formation in its afterglow

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