Initial oxidation rate of metals and the logarithmic equation

Uhlig, H. H.

doi:10.1016/0001-6160(56)90051-7

Cited by 167 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…-The dispersion of the results observed during the different analyses conducted in samples treated under the same condition. -It was found in general for both studies that the EDS O% results exhibited a logarithmic trend, as it is observed in general oxidation theory -in that oxide thickness development under temperature exposure shows a logarithmic trend with time [11,12]. …”

Section: Eds On Treated Test Samplessupporting

confidence: 71%

Energy Dispersive X-ray technique applied to fatigue fracture surfaces oxidation to provide information on growth rate

Hernandez¹,

Saunders

Madariaga³

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Gas turbine components are strongly affected by cyclic loading during operation, which makes fatigue development the most significant cause of failure or cracking within them. The nature and growth rate of that fatigue is dependent on the stress experienced at a particular area of a part, the temperature, the material properties and the applied loading frequency. Various techniques, such as striation and/or band counting can, in some cases, provide information on fatigue life. However, often such techniques are rendered useless by lack of formation or obliteration by damage and/or oxidation of such features. Once a crack has initiated and is exposed to the engine atmosphere, the level of oxidation and other contaminant elements observed on the crack surface will evolve with time, and, correspondingly, crack depth. Element distribution analysis by an Energy Dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) technique applied along a fatigue fracture surface could help to understand the evolution of the crack with time.Using EDS, an experimental procedure was carried out to ascertain a perceived measured percentage of oxygen plus other additional chemical species at a large number of stations along the length of a fatigue crack. The analysis was performed from the initiation site to the end of the propagation area, and also within the final rupture zone which had less time exposed to air and gasses compared to the fatigue system. An exercise of comparison between that progression in oxidation across cracked in-service components versus perceived measured oxidation level analyses on trial fracture surfaces exposed in atmospheric oven conditions at high temperatures for a number of different durations was performed. The obtained results provided information on specific questions concerning the fatigue propagation life of the in-service components; thereby amplifying the use of the EDS technique in this aspect of the materials forensic field.

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Section: Eds On Treated Test Samplessupporting

confidence: 71%

Energy Dispersive X-ray technique applied to fatigue fracture surfaces oxidation to provide information on growth rate

Hernandez¹,

Saunders

Madariaga³

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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“…The evolutions of the k l and k p as a function of temperature are reported as an Arrhenius plot ( figure 5), together with the values of k. Hence, from the slope of the linear fit of the natural logarithm of k l [21] and of k p 2 (or k 2 ) [6] as function of 1/T, it is possible to calculate the value of the apparent activation energies for the oxidation. In the present case, using eq.…”

Section: Figure 5 -Arrhenius Plots Of Rate Constants According To Eqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic and Kinetics Aspects of High Temperature Oxidation on a 304L Stainless Steel

et al. 2013

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“…23 Here, an oxide film is formed, and the carbon dioxide formation is controlled by either diffusion or migration of the reactants through this film. [24][25][26] This mechanism is unlikely due to carbon's anisotropic nature and low measured surface oxide coverage. 14,27 Furthermore, the reaction rate does not follow the logarithmic, inverse logarithmic, or parabolic rate law…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Nanostructure in the Electrochemical Oxidation of Model-Carbon Materials in Acidic Environments

Gallagher¹,

Yushin

Fuller

2010

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Carbon is ubiquitous in electrochemical energy devices and may exist in varied forms ranging from crystalline or amorphous to novel nanostructures based on a few sheets of graphene. The electrochemical oxidation of carbon results in the performance degradation of the electrochemical device. A study on the structure-reactivity relationship of the electrochemical oxidation of graphene-based carbon materials ͑carbon black, carbon onions, multiwalled nanotubes, and exfoliated graphite platelets͒ is presented. High resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and N 2 adsorption were used to characterize the materials tested. Both liquid half-cell tests and proton exchange membrane fuel cell tests with inline carbon dioxide analysis were used to study the electrochemical behavior. The electrochemical oxidation of 10 seemingly disparate carbon materials was separated into two distinct mechanisms. Both mechanisms approach an 80% current efficiency for carbon dioxide formation. Iron and sulfur impurities are insignificant controlling factors. The difference between the two mechanisms is tentatively attributed to the degree of interlayer interaction between graphene sheets.

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Initial oxidation rate of metals and the logarithmic equation

Cited by 167 publications

References 46 publications

Energy Dispersive X-ray technique applied to fatigue fracture surfaces oxidation to provide information on growth rate

Energy Dispersive X-ray technique applied to fatigue fracture surfaces oxidation to provide information on growth rate

Thermodynamic and Kinetics Aspects of High Temperature Oxidation on a 304L Stainless Steel

The Role of Nanostructure in the Electrochemical Oxidation of Model-Carbon Materials in Acidic Environments

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