Initial interactions in electromagnetic field‐induced biosynthesis

Blank, Martin; Goodman, Reba

doi:10.1002/jcp.20004

Cited by 87 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The low EMF energy can move electrons, cause small changes in charge distribution and release the large hydration energy tied up in protein and DNA structures [3]. Electrons have been shown to move in DNA at great speed [50], and we have suggested that RF and ELF fields initiate the stress response by directly interacting and accelerating electrons moving within DNA [52,53].…”

Section: Emf-dna Interaction Mechanisms: Electron Transfermentioning

confidence: 97%

Electromagnetic fields stress living cells

2009

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Electromagnetic fields (EMF), in both ELF (extremely low frequency) and radio frequency (RF) ranges, activate the cellular stress response, a protective mechanism that induces the expression of stress response genes, e.g., HSP70, and increased levels of stress proteins, e.g., hsp70. The 20 different stress protein families are evolutionarily conserved and act as 'chaperones' in the cell when they 'help' repair and refold damaged proteins and transport them across cell membranes. Induction of the stress response involves activation of DNA, and despite the large difference in energy between ELF and RF, the same cellular pathways respond in both frequency ranges. Specific DNA sequences on the promoter of the HSP70 stress gene are responsive to EMF, and studies with model biochemical systems suggest that EMF could interact directly with electrons in DNA. While low energy EMF interacts with DNA to induce the stress response, increasing EMF energy in the RF range can lead to breaks in DNA strands. It is clear that in order to protect living cells, EMF safety limits must be changed from the current thermal standard, based on energy, to one based on biological responses that occur long before the threshold for thermal changes. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords: DNA; Biosynthesis; Electromagnetic fields; ELF; RF Electromagnetic fields (EMF) alter protein synthesisUntil recently, genetic information stored in DNA was considered essentially invulnerable to change as it was passed on from parent to progeny. Mutations, such as those caused by cosmic radiation at the most energetic end of the EM spectrum, were thought to be relatively infrequent. The model of gene regulation was believed to be that the negatively charged DNA was tightly wrapped up in the nucleus with positively charged histones, and that most genes were 'turned off' most of the time. Of course, different regions of the DNA code are being read more or less all the time to replenish essential Abbreviations: EMF, electromagnetic fields; Hz, hertz; ELF, extremely low frequency; RF, radio frequency; MAPK, mitogen activated protein kinase; ERK1\2, extracellular signal regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun-terminal kinase p38MAPK; SAPK, stress activated protein kinase; NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase; ROS, reactive oxygen species.* Corresponding author at: Department of Physiology, Columbia Univer- proteins that have broken down and those needed during cell division. New insights into the structure and function of DNA have resulted from numerous, well-done laboratory studies. The demonstration that EMF induces gene expression and the synthesis of specific proteins [1,2] generated considerable controversy from power companies, government agencies, physicists, and most recently, cell phone companies. Physicists have insisted that the reported results were not possible because there was not enough energy in the power frequency range (ELF) to activate DNA. They were thinking solely of mechanical interaction with a large molec...

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Section: Emf-dna Interaction Mechanisms: Electron Transfermentioning

confidence: 97%

Electromagnetic fields stress living cells

2009

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“…and interaction of electromagnetic wave with DNA and gene promoters [27]. The data presented in this article show the influence of electromagnetic irradiation on the nuclear chromatin structure.…”

Section: Figure 12mentioning

confidence: 59%

Changes in the human nuclear chromatin induced by ultra wideband pulse irradiation

Shckorbatov¹,

Pasiuga²,

Kolchigin

et al. 2009

Open Life Sciences

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The effects of ultra wideband pulse radiation on human cells were investigated. The density of the flow of energy on the surface of irradiated object varied from 10−6 to 10−2 W/cm2 with exposure of 10 s. It was shown that heterochromatin granule quantity in cell nuclei increased under the influence of radiation from 10−4 to 10−2 W/cm2. In some intervals the effect increased with irradiation dose. At irradiation intensity 10−3 W/cm2 the process of heterochromatin granule formation was fully reversible after 2 h of recovery; at intensity 10−2 W/cm2 the reversion of irradiation effects was not full. The data obtained indicated the strong biological activity of ultra wideband ultra short pulse radiation.

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“…The EMF may interact directly with electrons in DNA and the electron transfer would result in gene expression [19]. Because of the low energy required, interaction with electrons in H-bonds may be the initial perturbation that leads double stranded DNA to come apart and begin the complex process of transcription to messenger RNA [20]. This model is detailed in [21].…”

Section: The Action Of Emf On Intracellular Regulatory Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th e medical applications of EMFs are reviewed by Rosch PJ, Markov MS; Andrä W, Nowak H; Markov MS [5][6][7]. Some of theoretical models proposed to explain the basic phenomena associated with cell exposure to EMF are presented in review articles [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Now some new data are emerging and the approaches to the problem of the action of electromagnetic factors on cells are changing in accordance to the new developments in biology as a whole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Main Approaches of Studying the Mechanisms of Action of Artificial Electromagnetic Fields on Cell

Shckorbatov¹

2014

J Elec Electron Syst

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Initial interactions in electromagnetic field‐induced biosynthesis

Cited by 87 publications

References 39 publications

Electromagnetic fields stress living cells

Electromagnetic fields stress living cells

Changes in the human nuclear chromatin induced by ultra wideband pulse irradiation

The Main Approaches of Studying the Mechanisms of Action of Artificial Electromagnetic Fields on Cell

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