Initial intensification of East Asian winter monsoon at about 2.75 Ma as seen in the Chinese eolian loess‐red clay deposit

Xiong, Shangfa; Ding, Zhongli; Jiang, Wenying; Yang, Shiling; Liu, T. S.

doi:10.1029/2003gl017059

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…A reduction in the planktonic foraminifera G. inflata indicates related cooling at intermediate depths (Kitamura 2009). After 2.8 Ma, an intensified winter monsoon and sea-ice expansion, indicated by the Chinese eolian loess (Xiong et al 2003) and IRD at ODP site 795 in the northern Japan Sea (Tada 1994), probably caused increased ventilation during the interglacial periods, as in the present day, as suggested by an increase in the JSPW-related radiolarian and ostracod fauna at that time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Transitional changes in microfossil assemblages in the Japan Sea from the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene related to global climatic and local tectonic events

Itaki

2016

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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Many micropaleontological studies based on data from on-land sections, oil wells, and deep-sea drilling cores have provided important information about environmental changes in the Japan Sea that are related to the global climate and the local tectonics of the Japanese Islands. Here, major changes in the microfossil assemblages during the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene are reviewed. Late Pliocene (3.5-2.7 Ma) surface-water assemblages were characterized mainly by cold-temperate planktonic flora and fauna (nannofossils, diatoms, radiolarians, and planktonic foraminifera), suggesting that nutrient-rich North Pacific surface waters entered the Japan Sea via northern straits. The common occurrence of Pacific-type deep-water radiolarians during this period also suggests that deep water from the North Pacific entered the Japan Sea via the northern straits, indicating a sill depth >500 m. A weak warm-water influence is recognized along the Japanese coast, suggesting a small inflow of warm water via a southern strait. Nannofossil and sublittoral ostracod assemblages record an abrupt cooling event at 2.75 Ma that correlates with the onset of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Subsequently, cold intermediate-and deep-water assemblages of ostracods and radiolarians increased in abundance, suggesting active ventilation and the formation of the Japan Sea Proper Water, associated with a strengthened winter monsoon. Pacific-type deep-water radiolarians also disappeared around 2.75 Ma, which is attributed to the intermittent occurrence of deep anoxic environments and limited migration from the North Pacific, resulting from the near-closure or shallowing of the northern strait by a eustatic fall in sea level and tectonic uplift of northeastern Japan. A notable reduction in primary productivity from 2.3 to 1.3 Ma also suggests that the nutrient supply from the North Pacific was restricted by the near-closure of the northern strait. An increase in the abundance of subtropical surface fauna suggests that the inflow of the Tsushima Warm Current into the Japan Sea via a southern strait began at 1.7 Ma. The opening of the southern strait may have occurred after the subsidence of southwestern Japan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Transitional changes in microfossil assemblages in the Japan Sea from the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene related to global climatic and local tectonic events

Itaki

2016

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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“…[5] This study is primarily based on the re-examination and comparison of previous published grain size and magnetic susceptibility data of the loess-paleosol sequence from the Baishui [Xiong et al, 2002[Xiong et al, , 2003], Jingchuan [Yang et al, 2000;Xiong et al, 2001] and Lingtai [Ding et al, 1998[Ding et al, , 1999a sections. In these studies, the measurements of magnetic susceptibility were conducted with a Bartington MS2 susceptibility meter for air-dried samples, and the grain size distribution was determined with a Sald-3001 diffraction particle analyzer after the carbonate-free samples had been ultrasonically treated in a 20% (NaPO 3 ) 6 solution [Xiong et al, 2002[Xiong et al, , 2003Yang et al, 2000;Ding et al, 1999a].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these studies, the measurements of magnetic susceptibility were conducted with a Bartington MS2 susceptibility meter for air-dried samples, and the grain size distribution was determined with a Sald-3001 diffraction particle analyzer after the carbonate-free samples had been ultrasonically treated in a 20% (NaPO 3 ) 6 solution [Xiong et al, 2002[Xiong et al, , 2003Yang et al, 2000;Ding et al, 1999a].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The age control of the Baishui section was assigned by correlating the magnetic susceptibility record with the Jingchuan section [Xiong et al, 2003].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] Here we re-examine and compare the grain size data from well-correlated sections at Lingtai [Ding et al, 1998[Ding et al, , 1999a, Jingchuan [Yang et al, 2000;Xiong et al, 2001] and Baishui [Xiong et al, 2002[Xiong et al, , 2003] from the central Loess Plateau. We find that two abrupt shifts of grain size occurred around 2.55 and 1.25 Ma, and each shift was subsequently followed by increasingly damped amplitudes of fluctuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Damped fluctuations in Chinese loess grain size

Xiong

Ding

Jiang

et al. 2003

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] The sediment record of the loess-paleosol sequence in the Chinese Loess Plateau reveals a strong relationship between grain size fluctuations and glacial-interglacial cycles documented by marine oxygen isotope variations. However, on tectonic time scales, differences between the loess-paleosol grain size record and the marine oxygen isotope record can be identified. Analytical results from the Baishui, Jingchuan and Lingtai sections show that the grain size of eolian loess, superimposed on a coarsening trend, has two abrupt shifts at about 2.55 and 1.25 Ma, which are followed by significantly damped fluctuations in grain size. This is different from the global oxygen isotope record which demonstrates higher amplitude variations since the late Pliocene-early Pleistocene and lacks analogs of the abrupt shifts. We propose that the progressive uplift of the Tibetan plateau may have forced the regional environmental system across two thresholds at the late Pliocene-early Pleistocene and the middle Pleistocene, respectively, inducing two pulses of climatic and environmental changes over north-western China which are superimposed on the global cooling trend and orbital climate changes.

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Paleoproductivity in the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the Pliocene‐Pleistocene climate transition (3.0–1.8 Ma)

2017

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Alkenone mass accumulation rates (MARs) provide a proxy for export productivity in the northwestern Pacific (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1208) spanning the late Pliocene through early Pleistocene (3.0–1.8 Ma). We investigate changes in productivity associated with global cooling during the onset and expansion of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (NHG). Alkenone MARs vary on obliquity timescales throughout, but the amplitude increases at 2.75 Ma concurrent with the intensification of NHG and cooling of the sea surface by 3°C. The obliquity‐scale variations in alkenone MARs parallel shipboard measurements of sediment color reflectance (%) with higher MARs significantly correlated (>95%) with darker (opal‐rich) intervals. Variations in both lead benthic foraminiferal δ18O values by 1.5–2 kyr suggesting that export productivity may be a contributing factor, rather than a response, to the extent of continental glaciation. The biological pump is therefore a plausible mechanism for transferring atmospheric CO2 into the deep ocean during the onset of NHG and the ensuing obliquity‐dominated climate regime. Obliquity‐scale correlation between productivity and magnetic susceptibility is consistent with a link via westerly winds delivering terrigenous sediments and mixing the upper water column. Alkenone MARs also contain a ~400 kyr modulation. Because this periodicity is a multiple of the residence time of carbon in the ocean, it may reflect inputs of new nutrients associated with eccentricity‐forced changes in the terrestrial biosphere and weathering. We ascribe these findings to interactions between the East Asian winter monsoon and productivity in the North Pacific Ocean, perhaps contributing to Plio‐Pleistocene climate change.

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Initial intensification of East Asian winter monsoon at about 2.75 Ma as seen in the Chinese eolian loess‐red clay deposit

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

Transitional changes in microfossil assemblages in the Japan Sea from the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene related to global climatic and local tectonic events

Transitional changes in microfossil assemblages in the Japan Sea from the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene related to global climatic and local tectonic events

Damped fluctuations in Chinese loess grain size

Paleoproductivity in the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the Pliocene‐Pleistocene climate transition (3.0–1.8 Ma)

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