Initial effects of light armored vehicle use on grassland vegetation at Fort Lewis, Washington

Foster, Jeffrey R.; Ayers, Paul D.; Lombardi-Przybylowicz, Angela M.; Simmons, Katie

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.10.012

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…These vehicles are generally outfitted with heavy armour and weaponry, making them extremely heavy, with some vehicles weighing upwards of 60 metric tons. Because of the heavy weight of these vehicles, terrain compaction is a significant issue that can have detrimental impacts on the soil and vegetation communities (Lathrop 1983;Foster et al 2006;Dickson et al 2008). Armoured manoeuvre training is seen as being particularly damaging and persistent (Doxford and Judd 2002), especially in fragile environments, such as the Mojave Desert (Johnson 1982).…”

Section: Training Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment

et al. 2015

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Abstract:War is an ever-present force that has the potential to alter the biosphere. Here we review the potential consequences of modern war and military activities on ecosystem structure and function. We focus on the effects of direct conflict, nuclear weapons, military training, and military produced contaminants. Overall, the aforementioned activities were found to have overwhelmingly negative effects on ecosystem structure and function. Dramatic habitat alteration, environmental pollution, and disturbance contributed to population declines and biodiversity losses arising from both acute and chronic effects in both terrestrial and aquatic systems. In some instances, even in the face of massive alterations to ecosystem structure, recovery was possible. Interestingly, military activity was beneficial under specific conditions, such as when an exclusion zone was generated that generally resulted in population increases and (or) population recovery; an observation noted in both terrestrial and aquatic systems. Additionally, military technological advances (e.g., GPS technology, drone technology, biotelemetry) have provided conservation scientists with novel tools for research. Because of the challenges associated with conducting research in areas with military activities (e.g., restricted access, hazardous conditions), information pertaining to military impacts on the environment are relatively scarce and are often studied years after military activities have ceased and with no knowledge of baseline conditions. Additional research would help to elucidate the environmental consequences (positive and negative) and thus reveal opportunities for mitigating negative effects while informing the development of optimal strategies for rehabilitation and recovery.Key words: war, biodiversity, ecosystem structure, conflict, military activities, environment, conservation biology.Résumé : La guerre est une force omniprésente ayant le potentiel d'altérer l'atmosphère. Les auteurs passent en revue les conséquences potentielles des activités guerrières et militaires modernes sur la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes. On met l'accent sur les effets directs et indirects des conflits, des armes nucléaires, des entrainements militaires et des contaminants des produits militaires. Dans l'ensemble, on constate que les activités préalablement mentionnées ont des effets négatifs écrasants sur la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Avec des altérations dramatiques des habitats, la pollution et les perturbations environnementales contribuent au déclin des populations et aux pertes de biodiversité provenant des effets aigus et chroniques sur les systèmes terrestres aussi bien qu'aquatiques. Tout de même dans certains cas, en présence d'altérations massives de la structure des écosystèmes, la récupération s'est avérée possible. Il est intéressant de noter qu'une activité militaire fut bénéfique sous des conditions spécifiques telles que la création d'une zone d'exclusion, en générant des augmentations générales des p...

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Section: Training Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment

et al. 2015

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“…Alternative methods such as custom-built vehicle tracking systems with commercial off-the-shelf components and military standard training systems (Army's BFT and National Guard's DFIRST) could also be used to collect the vehicle dynamic operating characteristics (Anderson et al, 2009;Svendsen et al, 2011). Process-based vehicle impact models were developed through a series of controlled replicated studies (Ayers et al, 2005;Ayers et al, 2006;Foster et al, 2006;Haugen et al, 2003). Impact models were developed from the field data (Li et al, 2007a;Li et al, 2007b).…”

Section: Vehicle Tracking Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Dynamics Monitoring and Tracking System (VDMTS): Monitoring Mission Impacts in Support of Installation Land Management

Koch¹,

Howard²,

Ayers³

et al. 2012

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“…The steering process of a vehicle is a complex phenomenon that may be better understood from an experimental preliminary approach (Foster, Ayers, Lombardi-Przybylowicz, & Simmons, 2006;Itoh, Oida, & Yamazaki, 1995). For this 6×6 vehicle, it was decided to measure experimentally the contact forces of the wheels on the ground (Fauroux, Vaslin, & Douarre, 2007).…”

Section: Experimental Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling, experimenting, and improving skid steering on a 6 × 6 all‐terrain mobile platform

Fauroux¹,

Vaslin

2010

Journal of Field Robotics

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Multiple-wheel all-terrain vehicles without a steering system must use great amounts of power when skid steering. Skid steering is modeled with emphasis put on the ground contact forces of the wheels according to the mass distribution of the vehicle. To increase steering efficiency, it is possible to modify the distribution of the normal contact forces on the wheels. This paper focuses on two aspects: first, it provides a model and an experimental study of skid steering on an all-road 6×6 electric wheelchair, the Kokoon mobile platform. Second, it studies two configurations of the distribution of the normal forces on the six wheels, obtained via suspension adjustments. This was both modeled and experimented. Contact forces were measured with a six-component force plate. The first results show that skid steering can be substantially improved by only minor adjustments to the suspensions. This setting decreases the required longitudinal forces applied by the engines and improves the steering ability of the vehicle or robot. Skid-steering characteristic parameters, such as the position of the center of rotation and absorbed skid power, are also dealt with in this paper. C

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Initial effects of light armored vehicle use on grassland vegetation at Fort Lewis, Washington

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment

The effects of modern war and military activities on biodiversity and the environment

Vehicle Dynamics Monitoring and Tracking System (VDMTS): Monitoring Mission Impacts in Support of Installation Land Management

Modeling, experimenting, and improving skid steering on a 6 × 6 all‐terrain mobile platform

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