Initial Development of an E-cigarette Purchase Task: A Mixed Methods Study

Cassidy, Rachel N.; Tidey, Jennifer W.; Colby, Suzanne M.; Long, Victoria M.; Higgins, Stephen T.

doi:10.18001/trs.3.2.2

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, determining the appropriate unit of measurement for each drug is critical in such demand tasks. The measurement of e-cigarette use behaviors is complex and unresolved, and other investigators have raised concerns with the use of number of puffs to quantify e-cigarette use in the development of an e-cigarette purchase task (Cassidy et al, 2017). Future studies need to develop appropriate e-cigarette quantification measures for use in demand tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the interactive effects of menthol and nicotine among youth: An examination using e-cigarettes

Krishnan‐Sarin

Green

Kong

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Tobacco products containing menthol are widely used by youth. We used ecigarettes to conduct an experimental evaluation of the independent and interactive effects of menthol and nicotine among youth. Procedures Pilot chemosensory experiments with fourteen e-cigarette users identified low (barely perceptible, 0.5%) and high (similar to commercial e-liquid, 3.5%) menthol concentrations. Sixty e-cigarette users were randomized to a nicotine concentration (0 mg/ml, 6 mg/ml, 12 mg/ml) and participated in 3 laboratory sessions. During each session, they received their assigned nicotine concentration, along with one of three menthol concentrations in random counterbalanced order across sessions (0, 0.5%, 3.5%), and participated in three fixed-dose, and an ad-lib, puffing period. Urinary menthol glucuronide and salivary nicotine levels validated menthol and nicotine exposure. We examined changes in e-cigarette liking/wanting and taste, coolness, stimulant effects, nicotine withdrawal and ad-lib use. Results Overall, the high concentration of menthol (3.5%) significantly increased e-cigarette liking/wanting relative to no menthol (p<0.001); there was marginal evidence of nicotine* menthol interactions (p=0.06), with an increase in liking/wanting when 3.5% menthol was combined with 12 mg/ml nicotine, but not 6 mg/ml nicotine. Importantly, both 0.5% and 3.5% menthol concentrations significantly improved taste and increased coolness. We did not observe nicotine or menthol-related changes in stimulant effects, nicotine withdrawal symptoms or ad-lib use. Conclusions Menthol, even at very low doses, alters the appeal of e-cigarettes among youth. Further, menthol enhances positive rewarding effects of high nicotine-containing e-cigarettes among youth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the interactive effects of menthol and nicotine among youth: An examination using e-cigarettes

Krishnan‐Sarin

Green

Kong

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…37 We used puffs as the unit of e-cigarette demand but participants were not regular e-cigarette users and therefore other units of demand, such as milliliters of e-liquid, 37 would not be appropriate for our study. Research is needed to determine the units that properly quantify demand for e-cigarettes among non-users and to validate these tasks for e-cigarettes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Flavors and Modified Risk Messages on E-cigarette Abuse Liability

et al. 2017

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Objectives To measure e-cigarettes’ abuse liability compared to conventional tobacco cigarettes under flavor and message conditions amenable to regulation. Methods Two studies used 2×2 within-subjects designs with factors of e-cigarette flavor (Study 1: tobacco vs. menthol; Study 2: cherry vs. unflavored) and message (Study 1: reduced harm vs. no message; Study 2: reduced exposure to carcinogens vs. no message) with cigarette smokers (N(total) = 36). Linear mixed effects models assessed abuse liability for tobacco products. Outcomes included the price after which consumption is zero (the maximum amount participants would pay for a tobacco product) from the multiple choice procedure (MCP) and cigarette purchase task (CPT) and demand elasticity (price sensitivity) from the CPT. Results In the MCP, the price where consumption reached zero was significantly lower in all e-cigarette conditions except tobacco flavor (message or no message) compared to cigarettes (p < .05 each). Demand elasticity was significantly higher for menthol/no message and unflavored/reduced exposure message conditions relative to cigarettes (p < .05 each). Conclusions Flavors and modified risk messages included with e-cigarettes may affect e-cigarette abuse liability among smokers, suggesting regulatory pathways to influence demand for conventional and alternative tobacco products.

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“…In addition, the predictive validity of EC purchase tasks has not been established. 28 The current study was designed to help fill these knowledge gaps and test the validity of hypothetical purchase tasks as an assessment of alternative product acceptability. We herein present findings from a longitudinal cohort study that characterizes demand for FMCs, ECs, and VLNCs (specifically, zero nicotine) among smokers aged 16 and older.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%