Initial Development of a Model to Predict Impact Ice Adhesion Stress

Thompson, David S.; Meng, Dong; Afshar, Amir; Bassou, Randa; Zong, Jing; Bonaccurso, Elmar; Laroche, Alexandre; Vercillo, Vittorio

doi:10.2514/6.2018-3344

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Exceeding this value triggered a crack at the ice-surface interface. The Euler-Bernoulli beam theory could be used to correlate the strain to the maximum interfacial shear stress (i.e., ice adhesion) between ice and surface, which is expressed in Equation (1) [ 45 ]:

where

is the interfacial shear stress,

is the amplitude of the strain measured by the strain gauge,

is the Young’s Modulus of ice,

is the thickness of the ice,

is the thickness of the cantilever,

is the distance of the strain gauge to the fixed end of the cantilever,

is the length of the cantilever, and

is the eccentricity of the neutral axis of the ice/metal beam with respect to the ice/metal interface [ 53 ]. The eccentricity of the neutral axis could be calculated from Equation (2):

where

is the Young’s Modulus of the bulk cantilever material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vibration caused shear stress at the interface between the accreted ice layer, and the cantilever was measured by a strain gauge and used to characterize the ice interfacial shear strength. The stress-strain curve, caused by the vibration, would be monitored during deformation, from which the failure stress could be identified microscopically [ 53 ]. The crack-propagation was afterward also visible ( Figure 2 c).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Icephobic Performance of Multi-Scale Laser-Textured Aluminum Surfaces for Aeronautic Applications

et al. 2021

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Ice-building up on the leading edge of wings and other surfaces exposed to icing atmospheric conditions can negatively influence the aerodynamic performances of aircrafts. In the past, research activities focused on understanding icing phenomena and finding effective countermeasures. Efforts have been dedicated to creating coatings capable of reducing the adhesion strength of ice to a surface. Nevertheless, coatings still lack functional stability, and their application can be harmful to health and the environment. Pulsed laser surface treatments have been proven as a viable technology to induce icephobicity on metallic surfaces. However, a study aimed to find the most effective microstructures for reducing ice adhesion still needs to be carried out. This study investigates the variation of the ice adhesion strength of micro-textured aluminum surfaces treated using laser-based methods. The icephobic performance is tested in an icing wind tunnel, simulating realistic icing conditions. Finally, it is shown that optimum surface textures lead to a reduction of the ice adhesion strength from originally 57 kPa down to 6 kPa, corresponding to a relative reduction of ~90%. Consequently, these new insights will be of great importance in the development of functionalized surfaces, permitting an innovative approach to prevent the icing of aluminum components.

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where

is the interfacial shear stress,

is the amplitude of the strain measured by the strain gauge,

is the Young’s Modulus of ice,

is the thickness of the ice,

is the thickness of the cantilever,

is the distance of the strain gauge to the fixed end of the cantilever,

is the length of the cantilever, and

is the eccentricity of the neutral axis of the ice/metal beam with respect to the ice/metal interface [ 53 ]. The eccentricity of the neutral axis could be calculated from Equation (2):

where

is the Young’s Modulus of the bulk cantilever material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Icephobic Performance of Multi-Scale Laser-Textured Aluminum Surfaces for Aeronautic Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Recently, multi-variable methods have been studied extensively for their wide application in various industries such as robotics, IOT and multiconductor transmission lines [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. It seems that neural network has no issue but one problem of neural networks could be having to fix the depth of the network during training that prior synthesis methods suffer from, one feasible solution according to Hassantabar et al is a synthesis methodology that can generate compact and accurate neural networks [10][11] There are different methods to solve this issue, Mohammadzadeh et al suggest particle swarm optimization method [12][13] or Afshar implements Population Balance Modeling (PBM) and Initial Development Method (IDM) [14][15] on the other hand Azarang et al describe about Laplacian-based and Nonfragile fuzzy method [16][17][18]. Ramtin et al have studied Self-stabilizing algorithms [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Variable Stress Balancing Wireless Method Based on the Status of the Machines in the Cloud Spaces by Neural Networks<strong><em> </em></strong>

Zakeri¹,

Krishnasamy²,

Gomathi³

2020

Preprint

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Cloud computations are based on the computer networks such as Internet which presents a new pattern to provide, consume and deliver services such as infrastructure, software, ground and other resources using network. The inappropriate timing of assigning loads to the virtual machines in the computational space could lead to unbalance in the system. One of the challenging planning problems. In the cloud data centers is considering both assigning and migration (transfer) of the virtual machines with the ability of reconfiguration and the integrated features of the hosting physical machines. In this article, we introduce an integrated and dynamic timing algorithm based on the Genetic evolution algorithm. The suggested method was evaluated based on these factors and different inputs. Our suggested method is done using Java programming language and cloud-SME simulation. The results show that the execution time and the response time were improved by 12 and 1 percent respectively.

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“…It is equipped with a centrifugal fan controlled by a frequency inverter. The air that is circulated within the wind tunnel is then cooled by a triple compressor system that regulates the temperature of the fluid that constantly cools suits as a heat exchanger to the system [Hauk, 2015;Thompson, 2018]. Posterior to the stabilization of the temperature in accordance to the test an icing cloud is generated approximately two meters before the test section.…”

Section: Anti-icing Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.15 depicts the output shear stress signal pinpointed and synchronized with frames taken from a high speed video of the cantilever with accumulated ice while approaching resonant vibration. In order to compare the behaviour of different samples, the maximum interfacial shear stress betwenn ice and the material is calculated through the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory [Thompson, 2018].…”

Section: Anti-icing Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Laser Induced Hierarchical Structures on Aluminium using Short and Ultra-short Pulsed lasers for modified wettability Applications

Cardoso¹,

Tiago²

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During this thesis work, microcell structures of different dimensions are patterned using a nanosecond near-infrared and UV laser source on Al2024 aluminium alloy plates with 2 mm thickness. The influence of laser parameters on the shape and size of the produced patterns are studied together with the evolution of wettability properties over time for different storage conditions. Samples are found to be superhydrophobic from a one-step laser patterning, requiring no further treatment. Static water contact angle measurements are performed in order to assess the wettability response of the laser patterned hierarchical xiii samples, which revealed superhydrophobicity only one week posterior to the fabrication, with measured contact angles up to 161.5 ± 3 •. The microcell and hierarchical laser patterned surface structures demonstrate ultrahydrophobic behaviour under static water contact angle measurements after 10 weeks of the manufacturing procedure. Corrosion measurements are carried out and samples are reported to possess extremely effective anti-corrosive properties. Laser process parameters are correlated with anti-corrosive behaviour and results show that the periodic hatch distance between microcells and the laser power used during the DLW process greatly influence the corrosive properties. Hierarchical structured samples are found to stabilize anticorrosion features, and by using smaller hatch distances, corrosion resistance is improved up to 99.996 % on the original reference value. SEM measurements posterior to the corrosion tests show small sized surface damages and samples are reported to retain their hydrophobic properties throughout the entire process. The icephobic performances of laser-treated microstructured Al2024 alloy surfaces with respect to atmospheric in-flight icing conditions are assessed on whether they can potentially be used on aircrafts. Microcell structures with 35 µm are proved to not reduce ice adhesion under in-flight icing conditions. The microstructure actually enhances the mechanical interlocking between the ice and the surface, resulting in a higher interfacial adhesion strength. The retrieved results allow to understand that microstructures must be smaller than the typical water droplet sizes so as to avoid insertion and freezing of droplets into the structures. The surface chemistry is found to not play a role on the ice adhesion results. Moreover, the superhydrophobicity resulting from the one-step laser treatment is lost after 16 consecutive icing and de-icing cycles. The loss of superhydrophobicity can be attributed to the fragility of the non-polar carbon layer adsorbed on the surface. A hy-xiv drophobic agent is used to chemically induce superhydrophobicity on the samples. Results with these samples show that after 16 icing and de-icing cycles the samples still preserve their superhydrophobicity, showing the benefit of a two-step process in order to achieve durable superhydrophobic properties for aeronautical applications. The results that are obtained during this thesis wo...

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Initial Development of a Model to Predict Impact Ice Adhesion Stress

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Icephobic Performance of Multi-Scale Laser-Textured Aluminum Surfaces for Aeronautic Applications

Icephobic Performance of Multi-Scale Laser-Textured Aluminum Surfaces for Aeronautic Applications

Multi-Variable Stress Balancing Wireless Method Based on the Status of the Machines in the Cloud Spaces by Neural Networks<strong><em> </em></strong>

Development of Laser Induced Hierarchical Structures on Aluminium using Short and Ultra-short Pulsed lasers for modified wettability Applications

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