Initial coin offering as a funding source for projects

Wis, Agnieszka

doi:10.15240/tul/004/2019-2-007

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ACC Journal

2019

DOI: 10.15240/tul/004/2019-2-007

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Initial coin offering as a funding source for projects

Agnieszka Wis¹

Abstract: Each company is looking for the best way to raise capital. Nowadays there are a lot of modern possibilities of fundraising, and the development of cryptocurrencies and crowdfunding has made it possible to create new ways of financing projects. This article seeks to present the Initial Coin Offering (ICO) concept, which is an alternative and modern source of funding. It is similar to the Initial Public Offering (IPO) and crowdfunding. The aim of this article is to present the advantages and disadvantages of Ini… Show more

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Technical and legal framework of Initial coin offerings

Fadlallah

2023

IRL

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Today, blockchain-based technologies, such as the Initial Coin Offering (ICO), are capable of providing solutions for financing SMEs. ICOs are the issuing of digital tokens that will be sold to investors in return for a cryptocurrency, allowing a project to be funded. This research examines the process of this novel and alternative method of business financing. At first glance, the ICO protocol appears to be very similar to the Initial Public Offering (IPO) procedure raising the question of how ICOs ought to be regulated. To answer this question, descriptive and analytical research will be conducted. On a legal level, the study found that three approaches to the regulation of ICOs exist, with the American option being the most fascinating because it represents a middle ground between banning and developing a new independent law for token issuance, allowing ICOs to be included within an existing legal framework. The study recommends that the Qatar Financial Markets Authority adopt this American approach, so ICOs will be introduced in Qatar smoothly and without the need for new legislation. This will result in a desired goal of promoting Qatari SMEs.

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Technical and legal framework of Initial coin offerings

Fadlallah

2023

IRL

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ICO as Crypto-Assets Manufacturing within a Smart City

Cernisevs¹,

Popova

2022

Smart Cities

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The digitalization of the economy provokes the rethinking of manufacturing processes. Despite numerous publications related to Industry 4.0 as a manufacturing approach, the production of fully digital and crypto-asset products was poorly researched. Besides having a supplementary role, crypto-assets may form an entire smart city product. The authors assess the manufacturing of smart city products, fully or partially formed by crypto-assets. The initial issuance of the crypto assets was usually addressed as an Initial Coin Offer, or through the process of increasing the issuer’s capital. The authors assess the Initial Coin Offer, and address it, like manufacturing to produce products for sale. The authors classify all milestones related to the crypto-assets’ issuance, distribution, and revaluation, and assign incomes and expenses to each milestone. Additionally, the ICO-based production costs and revenues were classified according to crypto-asset types, as defined by European Economic Area legislative acts.

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Initial coin offering as a funding source for projects

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Technical and legal framework of Initial coin offerings

Technical and legal framework of Initial coin offerings

ICO as Crypto-Assets Manufacturing within a Smart City

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