Initial characterization of the four promoters of the human insulin-like growth factor II gene

Dijk, Marc A. van; Schaik, F.M.A. van; Bootsma, Hester J.; Holthuizen, P. Elly; Sussenbach, J.S.

doi:10.1016/0303-7207(91)90207-9

Cited by 122 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Confirming previously published observations on IGF2 expression, [24][25][26] the expression pattern for these promoters in HEK293 cells was characterized by P3 being the most significant transcript, whereas a somewhat weaker but substantial signal was observed for P4 ( Figure 2, lanes 5 and 7). Promoters P1 and P2 are, to a first approximation, silent in this line (Figure 2, lanes 1 and 3).…”

Section: Zfp809 Activates All Four Igf2 Promoterssupporting

confidence: 91%

Targeted regulation of imprinted genes by synthetic zinc-finger transcription factors

et al. 2003

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Section: Zfp809 Activates All Four Igf2 Promoterssupporting

confidence: 91%

Targeted regulation of imprinted genes by synthetic zinc-finger transcription factors

et al. 2003

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“…Transient transfections in HeLa and Hep3B cells with truncated promoter constructs revealed that the P3 region that confers cell type-specific activity in Hep3B cells is located between positions k1300 and k289 [9]. From these transfection experiments it also became clear that the region downstream of position k289 supports basal promoter activity in both cell lines [9]. This proximal P3 region contains a TATA box and a CCAAT box.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The pAdML200 clone containing the adenovirus major late (AdML) promoter was used as an internal control template for transcriptions in itro and was derived from pMLC # AT19 [13], which contains adenovirus major late promoter sequences k400 to j10 linked to a 200 bp G-free cassette. pTK-Luc was made by the insertion of the k105 to j51 region of the Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase promoter linked to the luciferase gene in pSla3 [9]. Subsequently, pP3-4TK-Luc was constructed by cloning the double-stranded (ds) phosphorylated oligonucleotide P3-4TOT into the SmaI site of pTK-Luc.…”

Section: Plasmidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These regions were designated PE3-1, PE3-2, PE3-3 and PE3-4 (here called P3-1, P3-2, P3-3 and P3-4 respectively), located in the region between the transcription start site (j1) and position k195 [9,12]. The relative importance of these four proximal elements for transcription was established by transcriptions in itro and transfections of HeLa and Hep3B cells employing truncated promoter constructs [9,12]. In both cell lines P3-1, P3-2 and P3-4 are essential for P3 activity, whereas P3-3 seems to be of minor importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of a key regulatory element for the basal activity of the human insulin-like growth factor II gene promoter P3

Rietveld

Holthuizen

Sussenbach

1997

Biochemical Journal

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Transcription of the human insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) gene is under the control of four promoters (P1-P4) that are differentially active during growth and development. Promoter 3 (P3) is the most active promoter during fetal development as well as in most adult tissues. P3 is also the most active promoter in tumour tissues and cell lines expressing IGF-II. Transient transfections of HeLa and Hep3B cells with truncated promoter constructs revealed that the region between -289 and -183 relative to the transcription start site supports basal promoter activity in both cell lines. Footprint experiments showed that the region between positions -192 and -172 (P3-4) is the only element bound by nuclear proteins. P3-4 is bound by five proteins, of which three proteins (proteins 3, 4 and 5) bind specifically and are expressed at the same levels in HeLa and Hep3B cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and differential footprint experiments revealed the presence of two protein-binding regions within the P3-4 element. Proteins 4 and 5 bind box A (-193 to -188), whereas box B (-183 to -172) is bound by protein 3. From transcription experiments in vitro it can be concluded that Box A is essential for P3 activity. Box A is part of a region 11 dG residues long and is protected by proteins 4 and 5 that bind a contiguous set of six dG residues. DNA-binding of proteins 4 and 5 to box A requires the presence of Zn2+ ions. Thus structural and functional analysis reveals that the P3-4 element is a key regulatory element of P3 that contains two separate binding sites for proteins essential for the basal activity of IGF-II P3.

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“…2 and Graham et al, 1986), but also in fetal and neonatal rat tissues . In addition, the IGF-I1 promoters belong to the so-called class of 'minimal promoters', whose transcription is dependent only on general factors (Evans ct al., 1988;Matsuguchi et al, 1990;van Dijk et al, 1991). Many eukaryotic genes are known to be regulated posttranscriptionally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of insulin‐like‐growth‐factor‐II gene expression in rat liver cells

Zarrilli

Colantuoni²,

Bruni

1992

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The rat insulin-like-growth-factor-(1GF)-I1 gene is expressed at high levels during embryonic and fetal life and at low levels in adult animals. To study the regulation of IGF-I1 gene expression, we analyzed the synthesis and localization of the IGF-I1 transcripts in cultured rat liver cells either expressing (BRL3A cells) or not expressing (BRL30E and F A 0 cells) the IGF-I1 mRNA. The IGF-I1 gene is transcribed at a similar rate in expressing and non-expressing cells, whereas its nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA levels are diversely distributed in the cells. IGF-I1 RNA is more abundant in the cytoplasmic than in the nuclear RNA fraction of BRL3A cells and is present in the nucleus but not in the cytoplasm of the F A 0 cells. However, both precursor and mature IGF-I1 nuclear RNA levels are reduced in FA0 cells. Our data indicate that the IGF-I1 gene expression is regulated by mechanisms affecting the subcellular distribution and the abundance of the transcripts.

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Initial characterization of the four promoters of the human insulin-like growth factor II gene

Cited by 122 publications

References 40 publications

Targeted regulation of imprinted genes by synthetic zinc-finger transcription factors

Targeted regulation of imprinted genes by synthetic zinc-finger transcription factors

Identification of a key regulatory element for the basal activity of the human insulin-like growth factor II gene promoter P3

Regulation of insulin‐like‐growth‐factor‐II gene expression in rat liver cells

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