Inhibitory properties of crude microalgal extracts on the in vitro replication of cyprinid herpesvirus 3

Fritzsche, S.; Blenk, Patrik; Christian, Jürgen; Castiglione, Kathrin; Becker, Anna Maria

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02542-2

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This decrease suggests that C. vulgaris inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication since the estimated viral load consistently decreased over time. These results are in line with previous studies of animal viruses, such as grass carp reovirus and cyprinid herpesvirus 3 31 , 38 where chlorella was shown to inhibit viral replication.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by dry algae powders

Garcia-Ruiz¹,

Villalobos-Sánchez²,

Alam-Escamilla³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Chlorella spp., Spirulina spp., and fucoidan dry powders, are commercialized as food supplements and are considered safe for human consumption. Their broad-spectrum antiviral properties have been studied, however, their effect against SARS-CoV-2 remains unknown. We investigated the potential antiviral activity of three algae powders: Chlorella vulgaris, Arthrospira maxima (Spirulina) and fucoidan purified from marine brown algae Sargassum spp. against SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Vero cells were incubated with 70 μg/ml of each algae powder and either 50 or 100 TCID50/ml of SARS-CoV-2, in two types of experiments (pretreatment and simultaneous) and comparing two kinds of solvents (DMEM and DMSO). Chlorella vulgaris powder, inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection in all assays; viral RNA was significantly reduced in supernatants at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-infection, the highest difference in viral load (8000-fold) was observed after 96 h. Arthrospira maxima powder inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection using 50 TCID50/ml for both experimental schemes, but protection percent was lower when viral inoculum was increase to 100 TCID50/ml; viral RNA decreased 48 h after infection, reaching a 250-fold difference at 72 h. Fucoidan powder partially inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection since no CPE was observed in 62.5% of trated cultures in DMEM, but the antiviral activity was increased to 100% of protection when DMSO was used as solvent. All the algae samples showed high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 with a SI above of 18. These results suggest that all three algae samples are potential therapeutic candidates for the treatment of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by dry algae powders

Garcia-Ruiz¹,

Villalobos-Sánchez²,

Alam-Escamilla³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…A comprehensive utilization of microalgae could significantly reduce the cost of microalgae biofuels, which included microalgae cultivation using wastewaters in outdoor raceway ponds (Arora et al, 2016;Gao et al, 2018;Keerthana et al, 2020) and the production of bioactive substances such as polysaccharides (Li et al, 2019), antiviral substances (Fritzsche et al, 2021), bioactive peptides (Donadio et al, 2021), and carotenoids (du Preez et al, 2021;Todorovićet al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Interacting Proteins of Transcription Factor DpAP2 Related to Carotenoid Biosynthesis From Marine Microalga Dunaliella parva

Shang

Pang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Carotenoids are widely distributed and structurally diverse, which have significant roles in the photosynthesis of plants. As a precursor of vitamin A, carotenoids are also antioxidants that reduce various chronic diseases, which are beneficial for human health. Currently, the existing studies concerned the biological roles of APETALA2 (AP2)/ethylene-responsive factor (ERF) genes originated from higher plants. The AP2 superfamily of the transcriptional regulator was identified in higher plants, which was related to growth, development, carotenoid metabolism, and responses to various stresses. However, the regulatory mechanisms of the AP2-modulating carotenoid metabolism have not been reported in microalgae, which remain to be elucidated. Dunaliella parva AP2 (i.e., DpAP2), an important transcription factor, promotes carotenoid accumulation by binding to the promoter of target gene. Here, we identified an important AP2/ERF transcription factor, DpAP2, which could promote carotenoid accumulation by binding to the promoter of target gene. To demonstrate the function of DpAP2, the interacting proteins were identified by the yeast two-hybrid system. The results showed that DpAP2 could interact with three proteins with different activities (DNA-binding transcription factor activity, protein kinase activity, and alpha-D-phosphohexomutase activity); these proteins may be associated with multiple biological processes. This paper laid a good foundation for a deep understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of DpAP2 and genetic engineering breeding in D. parva.

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“…Microalgal EPS are widely acknowledged for a variety of excellent biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, antibacterial and immune activity, while the biological activity of B . braunii EPS has not been reported [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. The various biological activities of natural polysaccharides are the result of a complex interaction of diverse structural features, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, degree of sulfation and sulfation position, protein content and stereochemical features [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exopolysaccharides from the Energy Microalga Strain Botryococcus braunii: Purification, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity

Wang

et al. 2022

Foods

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Botryococcus braunii, a prestigious energy microalga, has recently received widespread attention because it can secrete large amounts of exopolysaccharides (EPS) with potential applications in food, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals. Unfortunately, the insufficiency of research on the bioactivity and structure–activity relationship of B. braunii EPS has impeded the downstream applications. In the present study, alcohol precipitation, deproteinization, and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography were used to extract and purify B. braunii SCS-1905 EPS. It was found that B. braunii SCS-1905 EPS were high-molecular-weight heteropolysaccharides containing uronic acid (7.43–8.83%), protein (2.30–4.04%), and sulfate groups (1.52–1.95%). Additionally, the EPS primarily comprised galactose (52.34–54.12%), glucose (34.60–35.53%), arabinose (9.41–10.32%), and minor amounts of fucose (1.80–1.99%), with the presence of a pyranose ring linked by a β-configurational glycosidic bond. Notably, the antioxidant activity of crude exopolysaccharides (CEPS) was stronger, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for ABTS and hydroxyl radicals was significantly lower than that of deproteinized exopolysaccharides (DEPS). Overall, this study indicated a potential application of B. braunii SCS-1905 EPS as a natural antioxidant. In summary, B. braunii EPS could be used as a potential feedstock for the production of antioxidant health foods.

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Inhibitory properties of crude microalgal extracts on the in vitro replication of cyprinid herpesvirus 3

Cited by 5 publications

References 67 publications

In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by dry algae powders

In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by dry algae powders

Identification of Interacting Proteins of Transcription Factor DpAP2 Related to Carotenoid Biosynthesis From Marine Microalga Dunaliella parva

Exopolysaccharides from the Energy Microalga Strain Botryococcus braunii: Purification, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity

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