Inhibitory properties of Chinese Herbal Formula SanHuang decoction on biofilm formation by antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcal strains

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Chinese herbal SanHuang decoction (SH) on biofilm formation of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococci on titanium surface, and to explore its mechanism. Biofilm-forming ATCC 35984, ATCC 43300 and MRSE 287 were used in this study. The MICs of SH and vancomycin against Staphylococci were determined by the broth microdilution method. Six groups were designed, namely control group (bacteria cultured with medium), 1/8MIC SH group (1MIC SH was diluted by 1/8 using TSB or saline), 1/4MIC SH group, 1/2MIC SH group, 1MIC SH group and vancomycin group (bacteria cultured with 1MIC vancomycin). The inhibitory effect on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation were observed by the spread plate method, CV staining, SEM, and CLSM. Real-time PCR was performed to determine the effect of SH on the expression levels of ica AD and ica R gene in ATCC 35984 during the biofilm formation. The strains were found to be susceptible to SH and vancomycin with MIC of 38.75 mg/ml and 2.5 μg/ml, respectively. SH with 1 MIC and 1/2 MIC could inhibit the bacteria adhesion, showing only scattered adhesion from SEM. CLSM showed that SH with 1 MIC and 1/2 MIC inhibited the biofilm formation. The quantitative results of the spread plate method and CV staining showed that there was significant differences between the SH groups (P < 0.05). Further, with an increase in SH concentration, the inhibitory effect became more obvious when compared with control group. Among the groups, vancomycin had the strongest inhibitory effect on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation (P < 0.01). With an increase in SH concentration, the expression levels of ica AD decreased, and the expression of ica R increased correspondingly (P < 0.05). In conclusions, SH can inhibit the biofilm formation of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococci. Its probable mechanistic activity may be through the inhibition of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis by down-regulating the expression of ica AD gene.

Wu-Teng-Gao External Treatment Improves Th17/Treg Balance in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…WTG is characterized by dispelling wind, dredging meridians, tonifying qi, and activating blood circulation, thereby benefiting tendon relaxation, collateral activation, blood stasis elimination, and pain relief. As a characteristic external therapy, the external application of TCM can effectively regulate the body balance by local drug penetration to dispel nearby evil and treat internal disorder via an external application [34]. Previous studies have reported that multiple Chinese herbal medicines and extracts in WTG formula produce vital effects on pain improvement in RA patients.…”

Mimicking critical environment factors for a static in vitro biofilm formation model on blood-contact implant materials

“…In this study a positive correlation between glucose concentration and biofilm formation was shown ( Croes et al., 2009 ). In addition, a correlation between a methicillin-resistance and the biofilm formation has been shown ( Zhang et al., 2021 ). In this study, S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 is the only methicillin-resistant strain used in our experimental setting.…”

A hope for ineffective antibiotics to return to treatment: investigating the anti-biofilm potential of melittin alone and in combination with penicillin and oxacillin against multidrug resistant-MRSA and -VRSA

“…• C. The precipitated DNA was washed with 70% ethanol and resuspended in 100 µl of Milli-Q water. PCR amplification of 16srRNA and nuc genes was done(Abbasi-Montazeri et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2021; Supplementary Table1). The confirmed isolates were then stored at −70 • C in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth with 30% glycerol.…”