Inhibitory potential on key enzymes relevant to type II diabetes mellitus and antioxidant properties of the various extracts and phytochemical constituents from Rumex acetosella L

Abstract

Type II diabetes mellitus is a common and costly disease worldwide, characterized by hyperglycemia. Alpha (α)-amylase and α-glucosidase are important targets in diabetes therapy. Inhibition of these enzymes may lessen hyperglycemia, preventing diabetic complications. Oxidative stress is another factor involved in the disease's etiology. In the present study, we investigated antidiabetic profiles of the various extracts and phytochemicals of Rumex acetosella. Since the plant has been traditionally used for the antidiabetic purposes. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory studies in addition to DPPH•, ABTS•+, NO − 2 radical scavenging, and phosphomolybdate antioxidant assays were performed to evaluate the antidiabetic property. Specifically, the ethanol and ethanol-water extracts remarkably inhibited α-glucosidase than that of acarbose, unlike their slight/no inhibition on α-amylase. Convincing α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of alcohol-including extracts verified the ethnobotanical use of R. acetosella as an antidiabetic agent. Practical applications The incidence of Type II DM is rising globally. Reducing hyperglycemia holds great importance to prevent devastating outcomes of diabetic complications. Ethnobotanical use of natural sources for medical purposes provides a basis for their potential activity against various diseases. The introduction of herbal agents may lead to the development of new drug candidates with convincing activity. Rumex acetosella L. has been traditionally used for the antidiabetic purposes. The research pointed out various extracts and phytochemical constituents from R. acetosella may act as antihyperglycemic agents. Particularly, alcohol-including extracts of R. acetosella may be considered as promising alternatives in the prevention or treatment of type II DM. The study puts emphasis on the therapeutic value of the plants for antidiabetic medication.

Inhibitory Activities of Thai Culinary Vegetables against Key Enzymes Relevant to Diabetes Mellitus and the Kinetics of Enzyme Inhibitions

“…It was discovered that antiα-glucosidase and anti-α-amylase activities were afected by the type of vegetables and solvent utilized, which was in agreement with several previous studies [15][16][17][18]. Plants have a wide range of phytochemicals that are structurally diferent, resulting in distinct polarity [16,17]. In this study, solvents with a wide range of polarity from nonpolar to polar were used to ensure that plant materials that difered in their polarity were sequentially extracted based on their polarity, and all components were presented in the screening study.…”

“…Te inhibition of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes of sixty diferent vegetable extracts from diferent twenty vegetables was tested. It was discovered that antiα-glucosidase and anti-α-amylase activities were afected by the type of vegetables and solvent utilized, which was in agreement with several previous studies [15][16][17][18]. Plants have a wide range of phytochemicals that are structurally diferent, resulting in distinct polarity [16,17].…”

The genus Rumex (Polygonaceae): an ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological review

“…Phenolics isolated from R. tunetanus flowers and stems displayed antioxidant properties on DPPH and FRAP assays [103]. DPPH, ABTS + , NO 2 − radical scavenging and phosphomolybdate antioxidant assays verified that R. acetosella has antioxidant properties [168]. Phenolic constitutions from R. maderensis dispalyed antioxidant activity after the gastrointestinal digestion process.…”

“…Chrysophanol (1) and physcion (18) from the roots of R. crispus showed inhibition on α-glucosidase, with IC 50 values of 20.1 and 18.9 μM, respectively [180]. The alcohol extract of R. acetosella displayed stronger inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase (roots, IC 50 = 12.3 μM; aerial parts, IC 50 < 10 μM), compared to the positive control, acarbose (IC 50 = 605 μM, p < 0.05), revealing R. acetosella could be developed as an antidiabetic agent [168]. Moreover, the methanolic extract of R. lunaria leaves displayed remarkable kinetic of -α-glucosidase activity from the concentration of 3 μM by comparison with blank control [16], and the acetone fraction of R. rothschildianus leaves showed inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase (IC 50 = 19.1 ± 0.7 μM and 54.9 ± 0.3 μM, respectively) compared to acarbose (IC 50 = 28.8, 37.1 ± 0.3 μM, respectively) [105].…”

Cytotoxicity Screening and Antioxidant Capacity Assessment of the Inner Perianth Segments of 14 Rumex Species Grown in Türki̇ye

“…To date, a number of Rumex species grown in Türkiye have been investigated by our group. We have contributed to the scientific knowledge in terms of their phytochemical or biological activity profiles [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”