Inhibitory effects of Thai plants β-glycosides on Trichomonas vaginalis

Abstract

Trichomoniasis is now an important health problem in developing countries. Although metronidazole has so far been widely used to treat this disease, the prevalence of metronidazole-resistant protozoa and unpleasant adverse effects have been found. In this study, natural products purified from Thai plants were, therefore, investigated for their effectiveness against Trichomonas vaginalis. The minimal inhibitory concentrations for all beta-glycosides against Trichomonas vaginalis at 24 h were in a range of 6.25-12.5 microM. In addition, torvoside A and H were found to be more potent than their corresponding aglycones, deglucosylated torvoside A and H, while other beta-glycosides were generally as active as their corresponding aglycones. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was also determined. Except for dalcochinin, none of the tested compounds showed cytotoxicity against Vero and cancer cell lines (KB and MCF-7), having IC(50) values greater than 50 microg/ml. In conclusion, beta-glycosides and several aglycones showed selective inhibition against Trichomonas vaginalis without harmful effect to mammalian cells.

Anti-Trichomonas vaginalisproperties of the oil ofAmomum tsao-koand its major component, geraniol

“…Plant extracts (Frasson et al, 2012), essential oils (Moon et al, 2006), and isolated substances such as saponins (Rocha et al, 2012), b-glycosides (Arthan et al, 2008), and alkaloids (Giordani et al, 2011) have shown anti-T. vaginalis activity, but until now, no study on the action of A. tsao-ko essential oil and geraniol against T. vaginalis or other protozoa is available. In this study, the anti-T. vaginalis activity of A. tsao-ko essential oil and geraniol against two isolates of T. vaginalis was investigated, showing obvious anti-T. vaginalis activity.…”

Hydrogenosome Metabolism Is the Key Target for Antiparasitic Activity of Resveratrol against Trichomonas vaginalis

“…Mechanistic studies of cells in vitro have almost invariably used concentrations of RESV in the range of 10 Ϫ5 to 10 Ϫ4 M to establish the therapeutic efficacy of this compound (38). Some studies have analyzed the in vitro antitrichomonal activity of some natural extracts from medicinal plants, which displayed good antitrichomonal activity, with IC 50 s ranging between 5.6 and 8.0 g/ml (39)(40)(41)(42)(43). These values are similar to those obtained for RESV in this study but much higher than those obtained for MDZ, the antiprotozoal drug used as a positive control, which in the present study yielded a slightly higher value than in other studies (44).…”

In vitro anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity of Pistacia lentiscus mastic and Ocimum basilicum essential oil

“…N nucleus, Fl flagella, ER endoplasmic reticulum revealed the presence of saponin, steroids, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids and flavonoids (Issazadeh et al 2012). In general, isolated plant's substances such as flavonoids, alkaloids, cumarins, saponins and glycosides have demonstrated activity against different flagellates such as G. lamblia (Barbosa et al 2007), Trichomonas gallinae (Adebajo et al 2006), T. vaginalis (Arthan et al 2008), and Leishmania infantum (González-Coloma et al 2011). Anti-T. vaginalis activity of other plant's saponins was reported (Rocha et al 2012).…”