Inhibitory effects of high stability fucoxanthin on palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation in human adipose-derived stem cells through modulation of long non-coding RNA

Abstract

Obesity is a serious worldwide disease, which is growing in epidemic proportions. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are characterized as a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have acted as a potential application for regeneration. Recently, seaweeds rich in flavonoids and polysaccharides have been supposed to show the ability to modulate risk factors for obesity and related diseases. In the present study, we investigated the anti-obesity properties of high stability fucoxanthin (HS-Fx) derived from brown seaweeds on the adipogenesis of ADSCs upon treatment with palmitic acid (PA). First, we showed the differentiation capability of ADSCs from morbid obesity patients to transform into different cell types. Second, we found that the co-treatment of ADSCs with HS-Fx and PA showed no significant cytotoxicity against ADSCs, but PA induced the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid droplet accumulation was abolished. Thirdly, the PA-mediated down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes was reversed by the treatment of HS-Fx. By long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) screening, we found that PA-induced increases in the targeted lncRNAs were also decreased upon treatment with HS-Fx. On Silencing, these lncRNAs corresponded to the decrease in the lipid droplet accumulation of ADSCs induced by PA. ADSCs from obese patients would be direct and meaningful model cells to investigate the development of obesity-related diseases and their treatments, rather than cell lines from other species. HS-Fx showed anti-obesity capability through modulating the elevation of ROS, down-regulation of lipid metabolism genes induced by PA, and upstream signaling, which might be critically resulted from the expression of lncRNAs.

Low-molecular-weight fucoidan and high-stability fucoxanthin from brown seaweed exert prebiotics and anti-inflammatory activities in Caco-2 cells

“…Moreover, we were the first to use fucoxanthin on an intestinal inflammatory model. We also observed that LMF+HS-Fucox (99.34±3.94%) showed a stronger effect on increasing cell viability than LMF (94.56±3.26%) and HS-Fucox (91.33±7.99%) at 100 µg/ml, a result that matched our previous studies showing that HS-Fucox may efficiently scavenge reactive-oxygen species (ROS) ( 38 ) and that LMF reduced inflammation through the inhibition of NF-κB ( 39 ). Under the co-culture of Caco-2 cells and samples, cell viability showed no significant effect with or without B. lactis ( Fig.…”

“…For comparison, by adding LMF with LPS treatment, the increasing trend of TER and tight junction protein expressions was only slightly higher than that of the HS-Fucox group. This result indicated that LMF and HS-Fucox exhibited a protective effect on epithelial cell injury, and HS-Fucox offered scavenging ROS activity ( 38 ) strong enough to make LMF+HS-Fucox an appropriate therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.…”

Long non‐coding RNA MALAT1 functions as a mediator in cardioprotective effects of fentanyl in myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury

“…Accumulated evidences suggested that lncRNAs function as the responder for stimulus from drugs and crucially regulate disease progresses by association with its downstream signaling pathway (Tang et al, ; Lin et al, ). Our present study defined lncRNA‐MALAT1 as a key regulator in mediating cardio‐protective effects of fentanyl against I/R injury.…”

Adipocyte biology: It is time to upgrade to a new model

“…In addition to its antiadipogenic effects in culture, biochanin A was also found to inhibit the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (S. J. Su et al, ). Other botanical compounds such as high‐stability fucoxanthin from brown seaweed and the flavonoid 3,4′‐dihydroxyflavone modulate adipogenesis and metabolism in cultured ASCs through their antioxidant properties (Han et al, ; W. C. Lin et al, ). However, none of the abovementioned compounds have been examined for their effects on ASC biology in vivo.…”