“…The main inhibitory mechanisms was proposed as Fe(III)‐reducing microorganisms reduce the levels of primary electron donors (acetate or hydrogen) available for methane production [ Achtnich et al ., ; Jäckel and Schnell , ; Qu et al ., ] and thus increase the contribution of Fe(III) reduction to anaerobic degradation of organic matter at the expense of methanogenesis. Furthermore, the increase in redox potential of the environments by the presence of Fe(III) oxides [ Fetzer and Conrad , ; Hirano et al ., ] and the diversion of electron flow from CO 2 reduction (methanogenesis) to Fe(III) reduction by methanogens capable of Fe(III) reduction [ Bond and Lovley , ; van Bodegom et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ; Yamada et al ., , ] have been postulated as the direct inhibition of methanogenesis by Fe(III) oxides. Thus, ferric iron fertilization of rice paddies has been suggested as a potential option for mitigating methane emissions [ Jäckel et al ., ].…”