Inhibitory Effects of Chemical Compounds Isolated from the Rhizome ofSmilax glabraon Nitric Oxide and Tumor Necrosis Factor-αProduction in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Cell

Abstract

The rhizome of Smilax glabra has been used for a long time as both food and folk medicine in many countries. The present study focused on the active constituents from the rhizome of S. glabra, which possess potential anti-inflammatory activities. As a result, nine known compounds were isolated from the rhizome of S. glabra with the bioassay-guiding, and were identified as syringaresinol (1), lasiodiplodin (2), de-O-methyllasiodiplodin (3), syringic acid (4), 1,4-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-butanediol (5), lyoniresinol (6), trans-resveratrol (7), trans-caffeic acid methyl ester (8), and dihydrokaempferol (9). Among these compounds, 2 and 3 were isolated for the first time from S. glabra. In addition, the potential anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced RAW264.7 cells. Results indicated that 4 and 7 showed significant inhibitory effects on NO production of RAW264.7 cells, and 1, 2, 3, and 5 showed moderate suppression effects on induced NO production. 1, 7, and 5 exhibited high inhibitory effects on TNF-α production, with the IC50 values less than 2.3, 4.4, and 16.6 μM, respectively. These findings strongly suggest that compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 were the potential anti-inflammatory active compositions of S. glabra.

Antipsoriatic Effects of Wannachawee Recipe on Imiquimod‐Induced Psoriasis‐Like Dermatitis in BALB/c Mice

“…Evidence is accumulating that A. galanga , which contains terpenes and flavonoids, has strong antioxidant activity and significantly reduces the expression of the NF- κ B signaling biomarker [ 10 ] leading to a decrease of cytokine production by T-cells [ 27 ]. Astilbin, which is isolated from S. glabra , has significantly inhibitory effects on nitric oxide, TNF- α , and IL-6 production [ 28 ] through p65, ERK1/2, and JNK pathways [ 29 ]. In addition, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antioxidant activities have been well documented for S. corbularia [ 30 ], R. nasutus [ 31 , 32 ], A. ebracteatus [ 33 ], S. involute , S. collinsae [ 34 ], and Smilax sp.…”

Effects of Wannachawee Recipe with Antipsoriatic Activity on Suppressing Inflammatory Cytokine Production in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes

“…A. galanga can also reduce the expression of NF- κ B signaling biomarkers via an increased expression of a molecule inhibiting NF- κ B (TNFAIP3) [ 10 ], leading to a decrease in cytokine production by T cells [ 31 ]. Other studies reported that the flavonoid astilbin isolated from the rhizome of S. glabra , another major active component of WCR, has an inhibitory effect on Jak/Stat3 signaling in Th17 cells [ 32 ] and inhibits production of nitric oxide, TNF- α , and IL-6 production [ 33 ] through p65, ERK1/2, and JNK pathways [ 34 ]. Astilbin also downregulates T cell function by suppressing activated T cell migration and adhesion and stimulating negative regulatory interleukin 10 (IL-10) production [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Triterpenoids from Macrosolen bidoupensis Tagane & V.S. Dang whole plant

“…So, the structure of 7 was attested as syringaresinol. [10] 4. CONCLUSION Five triterpenoids, 24-methylenecycloartanol (1), (23Z)-cycloart-23-en-3,25-diol (2), mollic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), 3-hydroxyurs-11-en-28,13-olide (5), two other compounds, one C11-norisoprenoid, loliolide (6), and one lignan, syringaresinol (7) were recognized by extensive analysis of HR-ESI-MS, and NMR data.…”