Inhibitory effect of Jangkanghwan (Korean traditional food) on experimental ulcerative colitis in mice

Abstract

Korea has a long history of using herbal medicines. Traditional medical books have documented the ingredients and methods of using many herbs and foods (Cha et al., 2007). There is also documentation regarding extracting ingredients from Korean herbs to fight inflammation and provide antioxidant effects in the body (An et al., 2014; Ko et al., 2008). The Korean herbal ingredients in jangkanghwan (JKH) are mainly radish leaves, Plantago asiatica L., Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense (Regel) Kitam., Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill., Atractylodes macro

Dehydrocostus lactone inhibits Candida albicans growth and biofilm formation

“…In addition, high burden of intestinal Candida before fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may predict good outcomes of FMT in patients with ulcerative colitis (Leonardi et al 2020 ), suggesting that in ulcerative colitis patients, inhibition of Candida may be beneficial. DL and the DL-containing food (Jangkanghwan), herb ( Vladimiriae Radix and Aucklandia lappa Decne) or formula (Xianglian pill and KM1608), have demonstrated efficacy in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through multiple mechanisms including suppressing IKKα/β-NF-κB and activating Nrf2 pathway (Lee et al 2020 ; Long et al 2020 ; Liu et al 2021a ; Yu et al 2021 ; Chen et al 2022 ; Yuan et al 2022 ). In DSS-induced colitis, DL can reduce the ulcerative colitis-related colorectal inflammation, including significant reduce in IL-1β (Zhou et al 2020 ).…”

“…In DSS-induced colitis, DL can reduce the ulcerative colitis-related colorectal inflammation, including significant reduce in IL-1β (Zhou et al 2020 ). However, these studies were performed in mice without introducing C. albicans into gut (Lee et al 2020 ; Long et al 2020 ; Zhou et al 2020 ; Liu et al 2021a ; Yu et al 2021 ; Chen et al 2022 ; Yuan et al 2022 ). Because C. albicans is one member of human gut microbiota but not one of mice (Liu et al 2021b ), it is possible that the suppression of DL on C. albicans growth, hyphal formation and candidalysin secretion (thus inhibiting IL-1β release) may contributed to its efficacy in ulcerative colitis in human or humanized mice that include C. albicans as a gut commensal fungus (Li et al 2022 ).…”

“…Although DL showed obvious antifungal activity against multiple C. albicans strains and inhibited C. albicans virulence factors, it should be noted that the cytotoxicity in mammalian cells was also non-negligible since theIC 50 against renal cells was at the level of µM (Singireesu et al 2018 ), which may be related to its good antitumor activities (Jiang et al 2015 ; Zhang et al 2020 ). While the existence of DL-containing food and herb, may indicate its safety in practices, confronting the in vitro cytotoxicity mentioned above (Lee et al 2020 ; Long et al 2020 ; Liu et al 2021a ). Other limitations of this study include the lack of deep mechanism and in vivo therapeutic efficacy of DL.…”

The Regulatory Effects of Licochalcone A on the Intestinal Epithelium and Gut Microbiota in Murine Colitis

“…Correlation analysis suggested that LA especially at a low-dose could alleviate colitis through enhancing the relative abundance of gut barrier-beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansiaceae , and decreasing the levels of gut barrier-harmful bacteria including Prevotellaceae and Bacillaceae . Akkermansiaceae is beneficial bacteria [ 36 ], and it is reported that decreased Akkermansiaceae due to DSS can be promoted by Jangkanghwan, which exhibited inhibitory effect on murine colitis [ 37 ]. Specifically, strains belonging to Akkermansiaceae such as Akkermansia muciniphila , can improve the gut barrier function [ 37 ].…”

“…Akkermansiaceae is beneficial bacteria [ 36 ], and it is reported that decreased Akkermansiaceae due to DSS can be promoted by Jangkanghwan, which exhibited inhibitory effect on murine colitis [ 37 ]. Specifically, strains belonging to Akkermansiaceae such as Akkermansia muciniphila , can improve the gut barrier function [ 37 ]. Prevotellaceae is one of the representative taxa in UC patients [ 38 ].…”