Inhibitory effect of galanin on postprandial gastrointestinal motility and gut hormone release in humans

Bauer, F. E.; Zintel, A.; Kenny, Martin J.; Calder, D.; Ghatei, Mohammad A.; Bloom, Stephen R.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(89)90059-0

Cited by 100 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It exhibits a broad spectrum of physiological activities, e.g. control of smooth muscle contractility and gastrointestinal motility (Tatemoto et al 1983 ;Bauer et al 1989), and modulation of the release of several neurotransmitters and hormones (Bauer et al 1989 ;Harling et al 1990). Outstanding among the latter biological effects is the ability of galanin to regulate insulin secretion in pigs (Messell et al 1990), dogs (McDonald et al 1985 ;Dunning et al 1986), rats (Lindskog & Ahre!…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Galanin‐like immunoreactive endocrine cells in bovine pancreas

et al. 2000

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Pancreata of fetal, neonatal and adult cattle were studied immunohistochemically for galanin. The results revealed galanin-like immunoreactivity both in the endocrine cells and in the neural elements. The galaninlike immunoreactive endocrine cells (Gal-LIEC) were confined to the large islets, and were not observed in the islets of Langerhans and exocrine pancreas. They were first detected at the third prenatal month. Their developmental profile showed an increase from fetal to early neonatal stage with a subsequent decrease towards adulthood. The considerable number of Gal-LIEC from late prepartum to early postpartum stage may imply functional significance of galanin during the perinatal development of cattle. Coexistence of galanin and insulin was also observed which may suggest autocrine interaction between the 2 hormones.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Galanin‐like immunoreactive endocrine cells in bovine pancreas

et al. 2000

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“…Galanin participates in the regulation of intestinal motility and inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion and insulin release from B-cells (Crawley 1995). It was also shown, in vivo and ex vivo with the isolated vascularly perfused rat ileal model, that galanin reduced the secretory activity of L-cells (Bauer et al 1989, Herrmann-Rinke et al 1996. Since intestinal endocrine cells are under the influence of mediators released from the enteric nervous system, a model of endocrine cells, uncoupled from the underlying lamina propria, is required for further identification of signal transduction pathways put into play by regulatory factors that directly modulate hormone release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Galanin inhibits glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and ATP-dependent potassium channels in rat ileal L-cells

Saifia

Chevrier²,

Bosshard³

et al. 1998

Journal of Endocrinology

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The neuropeptide galanin is widely distributed in the gastrointestinal tract and exerts several inhibitory effects, especially on intestinal motility and on insulin release from pancreatic -cells. The presence of galanin fibres not only in the myenteric and submucosal plexus but also in the mucosa, prompted us to investigate the regulatory role of galanin, and its mechanism of action, on the secretion of the insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Rat ileal cells were dispersed through mechanical vibration followed by moderate exposure to hyaluronidase, DNase I and EDTA, and enriched for L-cells by counterflow elutriation. A 6-to 7-fold enrichment in GLP-1 cell content was registered after elutriation, as compared with the crude cell preparation (929 81 vs 138 14 fmol/10 6 cells). L-cells then accounted for 4-5% of the total cell population. Bombesin induced a time-(15-240 min) and dose-(0·1 nM-1 µM) dependent release of GLP-1. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP, 100 nM), forskolin (10 µM) and the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA, 1 µM) each stimulated GLP-1 secretion over a 1-h incubation period. Galanin (0·01-100 nM) induced a dose-dependent inhibition of bombesin-and of GIP-stimulated GLP-1 release (mean inhibition of 90% with 100 nM galanin). Galanin also dose-dependently inhibited forskolininduced GLP-1 secretion (74% of inhibition with 100 nM galanin), but not TPA-stimulated hormone release. Pretreatment of cells with 200 ng/ml pertussis toxin for 3 h, or incubation with the ATP-sensitive K + channel blocker disopyramide (200 µM), prevented the inhibition by galanin of bombesin-and GIP-stimulated GLP-1 secretion. These studies indicate that intestinal secretion of GLP-1 is negatively controlled by galanin, that acts through receptors coupled to pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and involves ATP-dependent K + channels.

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“…One of the extensively studied biological effect of galanin is its ability to regulate insulin secretion in pig [16], dog [5,9,15], rat [8,12,18], mouse [11] and human [1,3]. This physiological action of galanin coupled with its effect on pancreatic exocrine secretion [18,23] and release of other pancreatic hormones such as pancreatic polypeptide [3,20], glucagon [3,5,9,11,12,16] and somatostatin [3,5,9,16] [1,14,19]. Recently, we have reported striking findings on the presence of galanin-like immunoreactivity not only in the neural elements but also in the endocrine cells of the large islets of cattle, a large ruminant species [2,17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Galanin-like Immunoreactive Neural Elements in Domestic Ruminant Pancreas.

Baltazar

Kitamura

Sasaki

et al. 2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The distribution and ontogeny of the galanin-like immunoreactive (Gal-IR) neural structures in the pancreas of cattle, sheep and goat were investigated immunohistochemically. The present study confirmed the previous findings on the immunolocalization of galanin both in the neural elements and endocrine cells of cattle, and reported for the first time its exclusive localization in the neural elements of sheep and goat. The frequency of Gal-IR nerve fibers and nerve cell bodies was high in cattle and low in sheep and goat. Their first detection was at the first fetal trimester in cattle and third trimester in sheep and goat. In cattle, a marked increase in the frequency of Gal-IR nerve fibers was observed from the third trimester to early neonatal stage followed by a decrease after three months postnatal. In contrast to the non-preferential distribution pattern in sheep, the Gal-IR nerve fibers in cattle and goat pancreas were predominantly associated with the acini, excretory ducts and blood vessels, but rarely detected in the pancreatic islets. The Gal-IR nerve cell bodies were observed as isolated bodies in the intra-and interlobular connective tissues and as a group within the intrapancreatic ganglia. At the vicinity of the nerve cell bodies, Gal-IR nerve fibers were observed. The present findings may suggest that: (1) galanin regulates pancreatic function as neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in ruminants; (2) galanin plays a more important role in large than in small ruminants; and (3) Galanin, a 29-amino acid peptide, was first isolated from the pig upper intestine [22]. One of the extensively studied biological effect of galanin is its ability to regulate insulin secretion in pig [16], dog [5,9,15], rat [8,12,18], mouse [11] and human [1,3]. This physiological action of galanin coupled with its effect on pancreatic exocrine secretion [18,23] and release of other pancreatic hormones such as pancreatic polypeptide [3,20], glucagon [3,5,9,11,12,16] and somatostatin [3,5,9,16] [1,14,19]. Recently, we have reported striking findings on the presence of galanin-like immunoreactivity not only in the neural elements but also in the endocrine cells of the large islets of cattle, a large ruminant species [2,17]. Large islet is one of the two distinct types of pancreatic islets in cattle [4]. Compared to the small islets, the islets of Langerhans, which are embedded in the exocrine tissue, and present in the fetus, young and adult, the large islets are enmeshed in the interlobular connective tissue, and prominent in the fetus and neonate but negligible in the adult [4]. Such type of islet, which has also been reported in sheep [23] and goat [unpublished observation], may be speculated as a characteristic feature of ruminants. Whether the peculiarity in the distribution of galanin-like immunoreactive (Gal-IR) structures in the cattle pancreas is also true to all ruminants or not remains to be clarified.The present study was, therefore, conducted to investigate and compare the distribution and ontogeny of the Ga...

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Inhibitory effect of galanin on postprandial gastrointestinal motility and gut hormone release in humans

Cited by 100 publications

References 20 publications

Galanin‐like immunoreactive endocrine cells in bovine pancreas

Galanin‐like immunoreactive endocrine cells in bovine pancreas

Galanin inhibits glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and ATP-dependent potassium channels in rat ileal L-cells

Galanin-like Immunoreactive Neural Elements in Domestic Ruminant Pancreas.

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