Inhibitory Effect of Abitylguanide on Adenovirus Replication

Abstract

N'N'-anhydro-bis(β-hydroxy-ethyl)biguanide.HCl (abitylguanide) demonstrated a marked inhibitory effect on replication in cell cultures of a broad spectrum of human adenoviruses both standard laboratory strains and strains isolated from epidemic keratoconjunctivitis patients. The strongest inhibitory activity was found in viruses belonging to subgroup C (Rosen's subgroup III). The compound susceptible period of human adenovirus 5 replication in primary cell cultures of human embryo kidney cells included the total replication cycle and was especially pronounced during the exponential phase of the virus growth curve. Electron microscopy established that the compound decreased the percentage of cells in which mature or empty virions with the characteristic nuclear localization were observed; a complete absence of paracrystals was registered and the number of cells with virus particles arranged in crystals in the nucleoplasm was strongly decreased. Abitylguanide can be considered as a ligand of adenovirus capsid protein(s).

Chemotherapy of Adenovirus Infections

“…However, there are no data about the mechanism of anti-AdV effect of ribavirin. Several different mechanisms were formulated about the antiviral effects of this compound: (1) arranged in crystals in the nucleoplasm was strongly decreased [38].…”

“…Discussing the mode of action of abitylguanide on AdV 5 replication it has to stress on the full coincidence of the data obtained electron microscopically with the results of the timing-of-addition study demonstrating the highly-pronounced compound-sensitivity of the virus growth in the exponential phase. On the basis of the mentioned data, abitylguanide can be considered a ligand of AdV capsid protein(s) [38].…”

Filociclovir Is an Active Antiviral Agent against Ocular Adenovirus Isolates In Vitro and in the Ad5/NZW Rabbit Ocular Model

“…Human adenoviruses (HAdV) cause a variety of respiratory infections, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, and hemorrhagic cystitis [ 1 ]. A number of antiviral agents have demonstrated antiviral activity in vitro and antiviral efficacy in small human clinical trials [ 1 , 2 ]. Among these infections, HAdV ocular infections (epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), follicular conjunctivitis, and pharyngeal conjunctival fever) are the most common ocular viral infections worldwide [ 3 , 4 ].…”