Inhibitory Control, Working Memory and L2 Interaction

Gass, Susan M.; Behney, Jennifer; Üzüm, Babürhan

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-23547-4_6

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Studies on SL have yielded conflicting results regarding its interaction with executive functions 60 – 62 . For example, there was no significant correlation between learning performance from an implicit SRT task and executive functions measured by forwards and backwards digit span tests and WCST 63 . Opposingly, significant correlations were observed between learning performance of the ASRT task and composite scores of several neuropsychological tests (a listening span test, a counting span test, and a letter fluency test) 19 , showing an important role of executive functions in SL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Potential and efficiency of statistical learning closely intertwined with individuals’ executive functions: a mathematical modeling study

Park

Yoon

yoo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Statistical learning (SL) is essential in enabling humans to extract probabilistic regularities from the world. The ability to accomplish ultimate learning performance with training (i.e., the potential of learning) has been known to be dissociated with performance improvement per amount of learning time (i.e., the efficiency of learning). Here, we quantified the potential and efficiency of SL separately through mathematical modeling and scrutinized how they were affected by various executive functions. Our results showed that a high potential of SL was associated with poor inhibition and good visuo-spatial working memory, whereas high efficiency of SL was closely related to good inhibition and good set-shifting. We unveiled the distinct characteristics of SL in relation to potential and efficiency and their interaction with executive functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Potential and efficiency of statistical learning closely intertwined with individuals’ executive functions: a mathematical modeling study

Park

Yoon

yoo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…All participants were university students and were right-handed, healthy adults with no history of neurological or psychiatric illness. Because language learning and phonological competition are affected by cognitive factors including memory span and inhibitory skill (Gass, Behney, & Uzum, 2013; Mackey & Sachs, 2012), we measured participants’ executive functioning (colored shapes version of the Simon task, Simon & Rudell, 1967), academic achievement (grade point average), phonological memory, and sequence memory (non-word repetition and digit span subtests, respectively, from the Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing , R. K. Wagner, Torgesen, & Rashotte, 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural signatures of second language learning and control

et al. 2017

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Experience with multiple languages has unique effects on cortical structure and information processing. Differences in gray matter density and patterns of cortical activation are observed in lifelong bilinguals compared to monolinguals as a result of their experience managing interference across languages. Monolinguals who acquire a second language later in life begin to encounter the same type of linguistic interference as bilinguals, but with a different pre-existing language architecture. The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the beginning stages of second language acquisition and cross-linguistic interference in monolingual adults. We found that after English monolinguals learned novel Spanish vocabulary, English and Spanish auditory words led to distinct patterns of cortical activation, with greater recruitment of posterior parietal regions in response to English words and of left hippocampus in response to Spanish words. In addition, cross-linguistic interference from English influenced processing of newly-learned Spanish words, decreasing hippocampus activity. Results suggest that monolinguals may rely on different memory systems to process a newly-learned second language, and that the second language system is sensitive to native language interference.

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“…As noted in Kane and Engle [34], the Stroop test is a "mainstay of research concerning selective attention and the external versus executive control of behavior" (p. 48). Research outside of IR has used the Stroop test to measure inhibitory attention control [26]. To our knowledge, the Stroop test has not been used in IR studies to measure individuals' inhibitory attention control.…”

Section: Cognitive Ability Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Working Memory, Perceptual Speed, and Inhibition in Aggregated Search

Arguello

Choi

2019

ACM Trans. Inf. Syst.

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Prior work has studied how different characteristics of individual users (e.g., personality traits and cognitive abilities) can impact search behaviors and outcomes. We report on a laboratory study (N = 32) that investigated the effects of three different cognitive abilities (perceptual speed, working memory, and inhibition) in the context of aggregated search. Aggregated search systems combine results from multiple heterogeneous sources (or verticals) in a unified presentation. Participants in our study interacted with two different aggregated search interfaces (a within-subjects design) that differed based on the extent to which the layout distinguished between results originating from different verticals. The interleaved interface merged results from different verticals in a fairly unconstrained fashion. Conversely, the blocked interface displayed results from the same vertical as a group, displayed each group of vertical results in the same region on the SERP for every query, and used a border around each group of vertical results to help distinguish among results from different sources. We investigated three research questions (RQ1-RQ3). Specifically, we investigated the effects of the interface condition and each cognitive ability on three types of outcomes: (RQ1) participants' levels of workload, (RQ2) participants' levels of user engagement, and (RQ3) participants' search behaviors. Our results found different main and interaction effects. Perceptual speed and inhibition did not significantly affect participants' workload and user engagement but significantly affected their search behaviors. Specifically, with the interleaved interface, participants with lower perceptual speed had more difficulty finding relevant results on the SERP, and participants with lower inhibitory attention control searched at a slower pace. Working memory did not have a strong effect on participants' behaviors but had several significant effects on the levels of workload and user engagement reported by participants. Specifically, participants with lower working memory reported higher levels of workload and lower levels of user engagement. We discuss implications of our results for designing aggregated search interfaces that are well suited for users with different cognitive abilities.

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Inhibitory Control, Working Memory and L2 Interaction

Cited by 29 publications

References 59 publications

Potential and efficiency of statistical learning closely intertwined with individuals’ executive functions: a mathematical modeling study

Potential and efficiency of statistical learning closely intertwined with individuals’ executive functions: a mathematical modeling study

Neural signatures of second language learning and control

The Effects of Working Memory, Perceptual Speed, and Inhibition in Aggregated Search

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