Inhibitory activity of salivary glycoproteins on phytohemagglutins (PHA): Possible molecules to enhance nutritional quality of red kidney beans

Abstract

Food allergy caused by red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is of serious health concern and is mainly due to its phytohemagglutinins (PHA) content. PHA can enter the circulation after oral uptake and cause IgE mediated allergy. However, studies describing enhancement of nutritional quality of red kidney beans by targeting PHA are not reported. This study was carried out to identify, PHA-inhibitory molecules present in saliva secretions. Results describe that PHA can be effectively inhibited by salivary glycoproteins. Fractionation of salivary proteins by ammonium sulphate precipitation revealed that, PHA-inhibitory proteins can be specifically precipitated at 30-60% of ammonium sulphate saturation. Gel filtration chromatography and lectin-blot analysis of 30-60% ammonium sulphate fraction suggest that only high molecular weight glycoproteins can act as potent inhibitors of PHA. In conclusion, human saliva secretions contain inhibitory glycoproteins which can be used to inhibit PHA effectively. If these glycoproteins are purified to homogeneity, can be used as potent food supplements in order to neutralize allergic potential of PHA, thus increasing the nutritional value of red kidney beans.

The Non-Nutritional Factor Types, Mechanisms of Action and Passivation Methods in Food Processing of Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): A Systematic Review

“…Due to the relative resistance of allergen proteins to proteolytic enzymes, the epitope region of undigested lectin can bind to intestinal epithelial cells and cause border damage to the fine intestinal epithelium [38]. Lectins stimulate antibody production and induce T-cell immunity across the epithelial barrier while being able to interact with digestive enzymes leading to nutrient deprivation, IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitiv-ity and non-IgE-mediated reactions (cell-mediated immunity), eliciting clinical symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other digestive disorders [39][40][41]. The negative effects of KB lectin have been confirmed in mammals using rats as a model.…”