Abstract:Innate immune response is activated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through Toll-like receptors (TLRs). To maintain immune homeostasis, TLR signaling molecules are regulated by a dynamic interplay of various ubiquitination (Ub) and deubiquitylation (DUB) events. Specifically, Lys-63 (K63)-linked ubiquitination on TRAF6 is involved in phosphorylation and activation of downstream MAPKs and IkB kinases. While certain types of ubiquitin modifications lead to activation and stability of proteins, … Show more
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