Inhibition of Transcription Factors Nf Kappa B and Ap-1 Limits the Progression of Oxidative-Nitrosative Stress in the Tissue of Cerebral Hemispheres in Rats After Modelled Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

The study was aimed as investigating the effects of inhibitors of transcription factors NF kappa B and AP-1 activation on the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress in rat cerebral hemispheres following experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study included 60 white Wistar male rats weighing 180-220 g, divided into 4 groups of 7 animals in each: the 1st group included pseudo-injured animals subjected to the same manipulations (ether anaesthesia, fixation) as the animals in the experimental groups, except for TBI modelling, the 2nd group included the animals exposed to modelled TBI, the 3rd and 4th groups involved the rats who received ammonium pyrolidine dithiocarbamate, the nuclear translocation inhibitor NF kappa B in a dose of 76 mg/kg and the inhibitor AP-1 SR 11302 in a dose of 1 mg/kg, respectively for 7 days following the TBI modelling. On the 7th day after the simulation of a moderate TBI in rat cerebral hemisphere tissue, the following signs of oxidative-nitrosative stress have been detected: increased production of superoxide radical anion by NADPH and NADH-dependent electron transport chains, increased activity of nitric oxide synthase (total and inducible), a decrease and impairment of the coupling of its constitutive isoform, growth in the concentration of peroxynitrite, the development of decompensated lipid peroxidation. The application of transcription factor inhibitors NF kappa B (PDTC) and AP-1 (SR 11302) significantly reduces the signs of oxidative-nitrosative stress in the tissue of rat cerebral hemispheres on the 7th day of the experiment, reduces the production of superoxide anion radical and the activity of nitric oxide synthase (total and inducible), improves the coupling of its constitutive isoform, limits the peroxynitrite concentration, and enhances the antioxidant potential.