Inhibition of the spinal transmission of nociceptive information by supraspinal stimulation in the cat

Duggan, A.W.; Griersmith, B.T.

doi:10.1016/0304-3959(79)90122-2

Cited by 153 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that electrical and chemical stimulation of the RVM or NRM result in an inhibition of spinal nociception (Fields et al, 1977;Belcher et al, 1978;Duggan and Griersmith, 1979;Rivot et al, 1980;Carstens et al, 1981;Hodge et al, 1983;Light et al, 1986;Zhuo and Gebhart, 1997). The mechanism of the antinociceptive effect is controversial, however, because many neurotransmitters in addition to 5-HT exist in raphe neurons that may contribute to the descending modulation of spinal sensory systems (e.g., GABA, glycine, acetylcholine, somatostatin, substance P, enkephalin, dynorphin, galanin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and cholecystokinin) (Millan, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct GABAergic and Glycinergic Inhibition of the Substantia Gelatinosa from the Rostral Ventromedial Medulla Revealed byIn VivoPatch-Clamp Analysis in Rats

et al. 2006

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Stimulation of the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) is believed to exert analgesic effects through the activation of the serotonergic system descending to the spinal dorsal horn; however, how nociceptive transmission is modulated by the descending system has not been fully clarified. To investigate the inhibitory mechanisms affected by the RVM, an in vivo patch-clamp technique was used to record IPSCs from the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the spinal cord evoked by chemical (glutamate injection) and electrical stimulation (ES) of the RVM in adult rats. In the voltage-clamp mode, the RVM glutamate injection and RVM-ES produced an increase in both the frequency and amplitude of IPSCs in SG neurons that was not blocked by glutamate receptor antagonists. Serotonin receptor antagonists were unexpectedly without effect, but a GABA A receptor antagonist, bicuculline, or a glycine receptor antagonist, strychnine, completely suppressed the RVM stimulation-induced increase in IPSCs. The RVM-ES-evoked IPSCs showed fixed latency and no failure at 20 Hz stimuli with a conduction velocity of Ͼ3 m/s (3.1-20.7 m/s), suggesting descending monosynaptic GABAergic and/or glycinergic inputs from the RVM to the SG through myelinated fibers. In the current-clamp mode, action potentials elicited by noxious mechanical stimuli applied to the receptive field of the ipsilateral hindlimb were suppressed by the RVM-ES in more than half of the neurons tested (63%; 10 of 16). These findings suggest that the RVM-mediated antinociceptive effects on noxious inputs to the SG may be exerted preferentially by the direct GABAergic and glycinergic pathways to the SG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct GABAergic and Glycinergic Inhibition of the Substantia Gelatinosa from the Rostral Ventromedial Medulla Revealed byIn VivoPatch-Clamp Analysis in Rats

et al. 2006

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“…These procedures include systemic and intrathecal morphine administration, dorsal column stimulation, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, stimulation of periaqueductal, periventricular and thalamic structures and heterotopic noxious stimulation. (ii) Secondly, these cells are strongly modulated by supraspinal structures; in particular electrical stimulation of the PAG induces marked inhibitory effects on dorsal horn convergent neurones (Guilbaud et al, 1972;Liebeskind et al, 1973;Oliveras et al, 1974;Duggan & Griersmith, 1979;Hayes et al, 1979;Carstens et al, 1980;Yezierski et al, 1982). Thus this type of neurone appears appropriate for an effect to be found following PAG morphine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of evidence for increased descending inhibition on the dorsal horn of the rat following periaqueductal grey morphine microinjections

Dickenson

Bars

1987

British J Pharmacology

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1 Recordings were made from 18 neurones in the dorsal horn of the rat, anaesthetized with halothane. All cells received A-and C-fibre inputs and responded to innocuous and noxious stimuli applied to their excitatory receptive fields located on the extremity of the ipsilateral hindpaw. Transcutaneous application of suprathreshold (mean 3.2T) 2 ms square-wave pulses to the centre of the receptive fields resulted in responses to A-and C-fibre activation being observed; a mean 32.4 ± 6.0 C-fibre latency spikes were evoked per stimulus.2 A high dose (20 pg) of morphine in 0.5 pli sterile saline, microinjected into the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG) had no effect on the C-fibre-evoked activity of thirteen cells (72%) and facilitated 5 neurones (28%). Microinjection sites covered most of the PAG particularly the caudal medioventral zone.3 A relatively high dose (6 mg kg-', i.v.) of systemic morphine chloride, sufficient to elicit the direct spinal action of the opiate, inhibited all 5 cells tested. 4 We conclude that there is little evidence that the supraspinal action of morphine includes increased descending controls and depression of dorsal horn neurones in the rat.

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“…Indeed, stimulation of the following sites has resulted in the inhibition of Class 2 dorsal horn neurones: the mesencephalic periaqueductal gray [Oliveras, Besson, Guilbaud and Liebeskind, 1974], the medullary raphe nuclei [Oliveras, Redjemi, Guilbaud and Besson, 1975;Fields, Basbaum, Clanton and Anderson, 1977], the dorsal columns [Nashold and Friedman, 1972;Foreman, Beall, Applebaum, Coulter and Willis, 1976] and contralateral peripheral nerve [Taub, 1964;Price, 1972] and has produced analgesia in man or other animals. However, recent reports indicate that large doses of naloxone fail to antagonize the descending inhibition originating from the mesencephalic periaqueductal gray [Carstens, Klumpp and Zimmermann, 1979] or medullary raphe sites [Duggan and Griersmith, 1979]. Similarly in this report we have shown that naloxone fails in Class 2 neurones to antagonize inhibition of dorsal column or contralateral plantar origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

The Effect of Naloxone on the Inhibition of Nociceptor Driven•Neurones in the Cat Spinal Cord

et al. 1980

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The functional role of the opiate receptors and enkephalins found in high concentration in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord has not been ascertained but may be the modulation of transmission in nociceptive pathways. In cats anaesthetized with x-chloralose the narcotic antagonist, nalozone, was tested on various types of inhibitory input to spinal cord neurones which responded to both noxious and non-noxious stimulation of their receptive fields (Class 2 neurones). Naloxone (0 3-20mg/kg i.v.) failed to alter the response of these neurones to noxious radiant heat, to tonic descending inhibition or to inhibition evoked by stimulation of the dorsal columns or contralateral plantar nerve. Thus the endorphins do not appear to be involved in mediating the types of inhibition examined. On the other hand, i.v. morphine reduced the response of Class 2 neurones to noxious heating of the skin, an effect that was reversed by naloxone.Opiate receptors [Pert, Kuhar and Snyder, 1975;Atweh and Kuhar, 1977] and enkephalins [Hokfelt Ljungdahl, Terenius, Elde and Nilsson, 1977] have been found in high con( [ration in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord. The functional roh.. of the enkephalins in this region has not been ascertained, but may be to modulate transmission in nociceptive pathways. Opiates and enkephalins applied either iontophoretically in the superficial dorsal horn, or administered intravenously, have generally been found to depress selectively the response of dorsal horn neurones to a noxious stimulus with little effect on the response to a non-noxious stimulus [Duggan, Hall and Headley, 1977a, b]. The effects were reversed by the narcotic antagonist, naloxone. These findings suggest that the enkephalins may be involved in inhibitory systems impinging upon nociceptive pathways in the spinal cord.The present experiments were performed to test the effect of naloxone on inhibition

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Inhibition of the spinal transmission of nociceptive information by supraspinal stimulation in the cat

Cited by 153 publications

References 38 publications

Direct GABAergic and Glycinergic Inhibition of the Substantia Gelatinosa from the Rostral Ventromedial Medulla Revealed byIn VivoPatch-Clamp Analysis in Rats

Direct GABAergic and Glycinergic Inhibition of the Substantia Gelatinosa from the Rostral Ventromedial Medulla Revealed byIn VivoPatch-Clamp Analysis in Rats

Lack of evidence for increased descending inhibition on the dorsal horn of the rat following periaqueductal grey morphine microinjections

The Effect of Naloxone on the Inhibition of Nociceptor Driven•Neurones in the Cat Spinal Cord

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