Inhibition of the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxylase (PEPC) by different pollutants

Stein, Kathrin; Ohlenbusch, Gerd

doi:10.1016/s0039-9140(96)02107-8

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…). Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, another enzyme relevant to phosphoenolpyruvate metabolism, has been repeatedly reported to be inhibited to a comparable degree by the presence of heavy metals, such as Pb and Cd (Vojtěchová and Leblová , Stein and Ohlenbusch ). Some other enzyme activities of the Calvin cycle and photosynthetic CO 2 fixation have been also shown to be significantly affected by the presence of heavy metals in a number of plant species (Chugh and Sawhney , Romanowska et al ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome expression profile analysis reveals important transcripts in maize roots responding to the stress of heavy metal Pb

Shen

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2012

Physiologia Plantarum

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Lead (Pb) has become one of the most abundant heavy metal pollutants of the environment. With its large biomass, maize could be an important object for studying the phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil. In our previous research, we screened 19 inbred lines of maize for Pb concentration, and line 178 was identified to be a hyperaccumulator for Pb in both the roots and aboveground parts. To identify important genes and metabolic pathways related to Pb accumulation and tolerance, line 178 was underwent genome expression profile under Pb stress and a control (CK). A total of approximately 11 million cDNA tags were sequenced and 4 665 539 and 4 936 038 clean tags were obtained from the libraries of the test and CK, respectively. In comparison to CK, 2379 and 1832 genes were identified up- or downregulated, respectively, more than fivefolds under Pb stress. Interestingly, all the genes were related to cellular processes and signaling, information storage and processing or metabolism functions. Particularly, the genes involved in posttranslational modification, protein turnover and chaperones; signal transduction, carbohydrate transport and metabolism; and lipid transport and metabolism significantly changed under the treatment. In addition, seven pathways including ribosome, photosynthesis, and carbon fixation were affected significantly, with 118, 12, 34, 21, 18, 72 and 43 differentially expressed genes involved. The significant upregulation of the ribosome pathway may reveal an important secret for Pb tolerance of line 178. And the sharp increase of laccase transcripts and metal ion transporters were suggested to account in part for Pb hyperaccumulation in the line.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome expression profile analysis reveals important transcripts in maize roots responding to the stress of heavy metal Pb

Shen

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2012

Physiologia Plantarum

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Enzymatic Kinetic Determinations

Hüttl

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Kinetic methods for analytical applications can be divided into noncatalytic and catalytic methods. Enzyme kinetic determinations are a special type of catalytic methods. Enzymatic reactions are used analytically to determine enzyme activities – for instance in the diagnosis of diseases, substrate concentrations in food industry or medicine and concentrations of effectors – for example in trace analysis. Due to the high selectivity of enzymatic analysis the importance of this method in various fields is growing rapidly. The widest use is observed in clinical chemistry and in food chemistry. This article can only give a general survey of the great potential of enzymatic analysis, with references to more detailed literature. Enzymatic reactions are characterized by some special features, explained after the introduction. The theoretical background for kinetic determination is the comprehension of the principles on enzymatic kinetics. In section 3 the simplest mechanism, outlined by Michaelis and Menten and several transformations of this equation will be described. In this section two kinetic parameters, enzyme activity and the Michaelis constant, will be introduced. Section 4 deals with substances, so called effectors, influencing the rate of an enzymatic reaction. Simple mechanisms of these effectors will be shown. The different methods for determination of substrates, enzymes and effectors, illustrated by many examples, are represented in section 5. While substrate concentrations can be determined using both ways, equilibrium or kinetic methods, the determination of enzymes and effectors can only be performed by kinetic approaches. In the last two sections the application of immobilized enzymes in flow systems and biosensor development will be shown.

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Analytische Chemie

Nießner¹

1998

Nachr. Chem. Tech. Lab.

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Inhibition of the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxylase (PEPC) by different pollutants

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Genome expression profile analysis reveals important transcripts in maize roots responding to the stress of heavy metal Pb

Genome expression profile analysis reveals important transcripts in maize roots responding to the stress of heavy metal Pb

Enzymatic Kinetic Determinations

Analytische Chemie

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