Inhibition of the Amygdala: Key to Pathological States?

Quirk, Gregory J.; Gehlert, Donald R.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07087.x

Cited by 285 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In the present task, resilience may have resulted in a paradoxical impairment in the ability to anticipate punishment given specific predictive stimuli. Resilience has been hypothesized to result from cortical, top-down control (from the prefrontal cortex, PFC) over subcortical brain regions that mediate aversive conditioning (eg the amygdala and the dorsal raphe nucleus) (Quirk and Gehlert, 2003;Amat et al, 2005;Pezawas et al, 2005;Urry et al, 2006;Yehuda et al, 2006). In keeping with this hypothesis, recent neuroimaging observations suggest that the PFC controls amygdala activity when subjects are presented with negatively valenced stimuli (Ochsner et al, 2002;Phelps and LeDoux, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Tryptophan Depletion in Healthy Volunteers Enhances Punishment Prediction but Does not Affect Reward Prediction

Cools

Robinson

Sahakian

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

152

154

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Central serotonin (5-HT) has been implicated in emotional and behavioral control processes for many decades, but its precise contribution is not well understood. We used the acute tryptophan depletion procedure in young healthy volunteers to test the hypothesis that central 5-HT is critical for predicting punishment. An observational reversal-learning task was employed that provided separate measures of punishment and reward prediction. Under baseline, subjects made more prediction errors for punishmentassociated stimuli than for reward-associated stimuli. This bias was abolished after central 5-HT depletion, which enhanced the ability to predict punishment while not affecting reward prediction. The selective potentiation of punishment prediction concurs with recent theorizing, suggesting that central 5-HT carries a prediction error for future punishment, but not for future reward (Daw et al, 2002). Furthermore, the finding highlights the importance of central 5-HT in resilience to adversity and may have implications for a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders including depression and anxiety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Tryptophan Depletion in Healthy Volunteers Enhances Punishment Prediction but Does not Affect Reward Prediction

Cools

Robinson

Sahakian

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

152

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A late-developing brain center for socioemotional control (Giedd et al, 1996;Deoni et al, 2011), the amygdala is implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders (Quirk and Gehlert, 2003;Amaral et al, 2008;Benes, 2010;Felix-Ortiz and Tye, 2014). Adult amygdala function and emotional behavior are altered by PS (Weinstock, 2008;Sadler et al, 2011), and several studies have identified effects of PS on the developing amygdala (Kraszpulski et al, 2006;Laloux et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Stress Alters the Development of Socioemotional Behavior and Amygdala Neuron Excitability in Rats

Ehrlich

Rainnie

2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Prenatal stress (PS) is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders with diverse ages of onset and socioemotional symptoms. Some PS-linked disorders involve characteristic social deficits, such as autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia, but PS also promotes anxiety disorders. We propose the diversity of symptoms following PS arises from perturbations to early brain development. To this end, we characterized the effects of PS on the developmental trajectory of physiology of the amygdala, a late-developing center for socioemotional control. We found that PS dampened socioemotional behavior and reduced amygdala neuron excitability in offspring during infancy (at postnatal days (P)10, 14, 17 and 21), preadolescence (day 28), and adulthood (day 60). PS offspring in infancy produced fewer isolation-induced vocalizations and in adulthood exhibited less anxiety-like behavior and deficits in social interaction. PS neurons had a more hyperpolarized resting membrane potential from infancy to adulthood and produced fewer action potentials. Moreover, adult amygdala neurons from PS animals expressed larger action potential afterhyperpolarizations and H-current relative to controls, further limiting excitability. Our results suggest that PS can suppress socioemotional behavior throughout development and produce age-specific alterations to amygdala physiology.

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“…In the case of individuals with suicide-ideations, this may link with the immediate of not experiencing the severe negative pain or the belief that death will be a solution. Their ability to perceive futuristic rewards may be inhibited along with possible inhibition of fear, although research suggests that suicide attempters show impaired probabilistic reversal learning compared to non-suicide depressed adults [20], it might be this ability that shifts the balance from ideation to attempting to end one's life [14].…”

Section: The Effect Of Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuroimaging evidence suggests attentional control and cognitive change may be two types of cognitive regulation [13]. This form of emotional regulation involves regions such as the pre-frontal cortex (PFC), orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) [13][14][15] Davidson 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%