Inhibition of post-decapitation convulsions in the rat by dibenzothiepin neuroleptics via α- blockade

Yamada, Katsushi; Matsuo, Naohiro; Kumagai, Masahiro; Nagashima, Mariko; Nishimura, Hiroshi; Hashizume, Nobuyuki; Oguro, Katsunori; Fukuda, Takeo; Furukawa, Tatsuo

doi:10.1016/0014-2999(88)90565-1

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Pre-decapitation treatment with NE-depleting agents, including LC-6-OHDA and DSP-4, resulted in rapid NE decrement by >90%, which caused a faint PDR influenced by the remaining spinal cord NE [32]. Blocking postsynaptic α 1 -adrenoceptors has been found to suppress PDR [15]. Eichbaum et al [8] reported that post-decapitation violent clonic seizures were not associated with the central and peripheral adrenergic system given that neither adrenalectomy nor pretreatment with adrenergic receptor antagonists inhibited PDR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fukuda et al [14] reported dose-dependent inhibition of decapitation-and electroshock-induced clonic convulsion by 6-OHDA, which selectively destroyed catecholaminergic terminals in the brain. Blocking and stimulating postsynaptic and presynaptic spinal cord α1-adrenoceptors, respectively, can inhibit PDR [15]. This suggests the involvement of bulbospinal norepinephrinergic fibers in clonic convulsion movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Mechanism of Delayed Convulsion in Fish: The Actions of Norepinephrine in Spinal Cord

Lee¹,

Kominami²,

Ushio³

2021

Fishes

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Cranial spiking (CS) is among the most popular slaughtering methods for delaying the rigor mortis progress of fish muscles. However, it may cause a convulsion (subsequently referred to as delayed convulsion), which undermines the meat quality and taste. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the delayed convulsion and examine its influence on ATP consumption. Ten carps, nine tilapias, ten rainbow trouts, two ayus, three greenling, thirty-five red seabreams, two striped jack and two stone flounders underwent CS around the medulla oblongata area, which induced different delayed convulsion profiles specific to each species. To investigate the norepinephrine (NE) actions related to delayed convulsion, 27 red seabreams, a representative fish species that exhibits delayed convulsion, were treated with a monoamine-depleting agent, reserpine, or with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, pargyline, two hours before CS. Spinal cord destruction (SCD) was employed to completely prevent spinal cord functions of the fish in another group. Compared with the control group (CS only), the reserpine, pargyline, and SCD groups showed significantly inhibited delayed convulsion and ATP consumption. This suggests that delayed convulsion is the main ATP-consuming response. Our findings suggest that delayed clonic convulsion in red seabreams is associated with the rapid decrease in spinal cord NE levels, which triggered the rebound motor neuron hyperactivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Mechanism of Delayed Convulsion in Fish: The Actions of Norepinephrine in Spinal Cord

Lee¹,

Kominami²,

Ushio³

2021

Fishes

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“…On the other hand, interesting biological activities have been described for some dibenzo derivatives -especially those belonging the dibenzo [b,f ]thiepine and dibenzo [b,e]thiepine series. Dibenzo [b,f] thiepine derivatives of the general structure 59 display a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antischizophrenic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antihistaminic, anti-bradykinin, neuroleptic, and as 5-HT 2A/2C inhibitors [51,52]. The activity of dibenzo [b,e]thiepines is represented by 60, which has antidepressant activity [53], tiopinac (61), an anti-inflammatory agent [54], and 62, a calcium antagonist [55].…”

Section: Relevant Natural and Useful Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seven‐Membered Heterocycles: Azepines, Benzo Derivatives and Related Systems

Vaquero

Cuadro

Herradón

2011

Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry

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The replacement of a carbon atom by a heteroatom in a seven-membered carbocycle leads to the corresponding seven-membered heterocyclic ring system. Different types of heterocycles can be formed depending on the nature of the carbocycle. In a cycloheptatriene the replacement can involve any of the six sp 2 hybridized carbons or the sp 3 carbon atom, whereas in cycloheptane all carbon atoms are equivalent and replacement affords exclusively the fully saturated heterocyclic systems. Partially saturated seven-membered heterocycles can be viewed as derivatives or related systems of these two main seven-membered heterocyclic units arising from carbon replacement in cycloheptatriene and in cycloheptane. Replacement of the sp 3 hybridized carbon atom in cycloheptatriene by a nitrogen leads to an azacycloheptatriene known as 1H-azepine (1) and the corresponding 2H-, 3H-, and 4H-azepines (2-4) are the tautomeric forms generated by the replacement of the sp 2 carbons. 1H-Azepine is an unstable red oil that is prone to rearrange to the also unstable 3H-azepine in the presence of acids and bases. However, this tautomer seems to be more stable than both 4H-and 2H-azepine. The structures related to 1H-azepine that bear an oxygen or sulfur atom are known as oxepine (5) and thiepine (6) (thiepin is favored by Chemical Abstracts Service). Oxepine is much more stable than thiepine and has been synthesized, isolated, and characterized at room temperature while thiepine has not been detected to date. Stable monocyclic thiepines were prepared and characterized in the 1980s. Azepines, oxepines, and thiepines that are constrained to planar or almost planar conformations should be antiaromatic molecules with negative resonance energy and, as a consequence, these compounds are unknown.The fully saturated seven-membered heterocycle containing one nitrogen is azepane (7) (hexahydroazepine or perhydroazepine); the oxygen and sulfur analogues are known as oxepane (8) and thiepane (9). All of these compounds are stable and show typical behavior of secondary amine, ether and thioether, respectively. TwoModern Heterocyclic Chemistry, First Edition. Edited

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The place of dibenzo[b,f]thiepin derivatives in medicinal chemistry: Structures and activities

Protiva

1996

Journal of Heterocyclic Chem

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Inhibition of post-decapitation convulsions in the rat by dibenzothiepin neuroleptics via α- blockade

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Mechanism of Delayed Convulsion in Fish: The Actions of Norepinephrine in Spinal Cord

Mechanism of Delayed Convulsion in Fish: The Actions of Norepinephrine in Spinal Cord

Seven‐Membered Heterocycles: Azepines, Benzo Derivatives and Related Systems

The place of dibenzo[b,f]thiepin derivatives in medicinal chemistry: Structures and activities

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